Haptoglobin and posttranslational glycan‐modified derivatives as serum biomarkers for the diagnosis of nonsmall cell lung cancer

Abstract

Ascending pathways to the telencephalon from the secondary gustatory nucleus (SGN), preglomerular tertiary gustatory nucleus (pTGN), and medial preglomerular nucleus (PGm) were examined by tract‐tracing experiments in goldfish Carassius auratus. Tracer injections to the SGN suggest the presence of direct ascending pathways to the supracommissural and the dorsal parts of the ventral telencephalic area, and the medial part of the dorsal telencephalic area (Dm), restricted to its ventral region. The SGN experiments also suggest projections to the pTGN and PGm, and several neuronal types in the primary gustatory centers were newly found to give rise to ascending fibers to the SGN. Injections to the pTGN suggest reciprocal connections of the nucleus with the dorsal region of the Dm (dDm). Injections to the PGm resulted in labeled cells in the dorsal part of the SGN, the secondary general visceral nucleus, and the posterior part of the dorsal telencephalic area, suggesting that this preglomerular nucleus receives gustatory, general visceral, and olfactory inputs. Fibers labeled from the PGm terminated in the central part of the dorsal telencephalic area and the dDm; the latter region contained many labeled somata. The terminal zone of PGm fibers in the dDm is located laterally adjacent to that from the pTGN. Injection experiments to the pTGN and PGm also suggest connections of these nuclei with the inferior lobar nuclei and torus lateralis. Based on the results of the present as well as recent studies, an updated map is provided that shows by and large distinct sensory representation within the goldfish dorsal telencephalic area. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:2475–2499, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the haptoglobin gene in non-small cell lung cancer treated with personalized peptide vaccination

“…Patients with NSCLC exhibit higher plasma Hp protein levels than healthy donors and those levels correlate with aspects of disease progression, including clinical stage (19,20). Additionally, correlations between plasma Hp levels and patient prognosis have been reported in other types of cancer (32).…”

“…High levels of plasma Hp have been observed in a number of malignancies (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). In patients with NSCLC, plasma Hp levels are higher than those of healthy donors and correlate with aspects of disease progression, including clinical stage (19,20). The presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 5' flanking region of the Hp gene has been reported and some SNPs may affect plasma Hp levels (21,22).…”

Proteomic Analysis of Human Saliva From Lung Cancer Patients Using Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis and Mass Spectrometry

“…It is of interests that most of these identified proteins were lung cancer related. Of note is HP, which has been found in serum and used as biomarker for the diagnosis of NSCLC (2,36). The overexpression of this acute phase protein in human lung cancer tissues has been confirmed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot (37).…”

“…According to the American Cancer Society, the major type of lung cancer is non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) 1 , which comprises ϳ85% of lung cancers (1,2). Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is another type of lung cancer, which represents about 15% of cases (3).…”

High‐throughput lectin magnetic bead array‐coupled tandem mass spectrometry for glycoprotein biomarker discovery

“…Haptoglobin has been shown to be differentially glycosylated in prostate cancer patients compared with benign prostate hyperplasia patients or normal controls [27] and in non-small cell lung cancer [28]. Glycan analysis from Fujimura et al [27] has shown that haptoglobin has complex bi-antennary or tri-antennary N-linked glycan structures, most of which are heavily sialylated.…”