Hard–Soft Carbon Composite Anodes with Synergistic Sodium Storage Performance

Xie, Fei; Xu, Zhen; Jensen, Anders C. S.; Au, Heather; Lu, Yaxiang; Araullo‐Peters, Vicente; Drew, Alan J.; Hu, Yongsheng; Titirici, Maria‐Magdalena

doi:10.1002/adfm.201901072

Cited by 240 publications

(229 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The specific capacity maintains 400 mAh g −1 , with a nearly 100% Coulombic efficiency. This outperforms other carbon‐based anodes reported so far for SIBs in the literature (Figure d) . Table S1 in the Supporting Information compares the cycle life and stability of the N‐CNS electrode with other carbon‐based electrodes from the literature .…”

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confidence: 80%

Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries: Boosting the Rate Capability and Cycle Life by Combining Morphology, Defect and Structure Engineering

et al. 2020

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Carbon‐based materials have been considered as the most promising anode materials for both sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs), owing to their good chemical stability, high electrical conductivity, and environmental benignity. However, due to the large sizes of sodium and potassium ions, it is a great challenge to realize a carbon anode with high reversible capacity, long cycle life, and high rate capability. Herein, by rational design, N‐doped 3D mesoporous carbon nanosheets (N‐CNS) are successfully synthesized, which can realize unprecedented electrochemical performance for both SIBs and PIBs. The N‐CNS possess an ultrathin nanosheet structure with hierarchical pores, ultrahigh level of pyridinic N/pyrrolic N, and an expanded interlayer distance. The beneficial features that can enhance the Na‐/K‐ion intercalation/deintercalation kinetic process, shorten the diffusion length for both ions and electrons, and accommodate the volume change are demonstrated. Hence, the N‐CNS‐based electrode delivers a high capacity of 239 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 after 10 000 cycles for SIBs and 321 mAh g−1 at 5 A g−1 after 5000 cycles for PIBs. First‐principles calculation shows that the ultrahigh doping level of pyridinic N/pyrrolic N contributes to the enhanced sodium and potassium storage performance by modulating the charge density distribution on the carbon surface.

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confidence: 80%

Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries: Boosting the Rate Capability and Cycle Life by Combining Morphology, Defect and Structure Engineering

et al. 2020

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“…Owing to the low cost and rich abundance of sodium resource, the rechargeable Na‐ion batteries have attracted more and more attention for large‐scale stationary energy storage . On the one side, Na‐ion batteries with hard carbon as anode have obtained great success in the past; on the other side, the relatively low energy density is one of the main drawbacks . With this respect, Na metal batteries are regarded as next‐generation products due to high theoretical specific capacity (1166 mA h g −1 ) and the low potential (−2.71 V vs standard hydrogen electrode) of sodium metals .…”

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confidence: 99%

A Flexible Solid Electrolyte with Multilayer Structure for Sodium Metal Batteries

Ling

Yue

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

115

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Solid electrolytes (SEs) can potentially address the inherent safety problems of conventional organic liquid electrolytes. However, their low ionic conductivity and large interfacial resistance limit the practical applications of SEs. Here, a flexible solid electrolyte with a multilayer structure is fabricated by the UV curing of an interpenetrating network of poly(ether‐acrylate) (ipn‐PEA) in the Na3Zr2Si2PO12/poly(vinylidene fluoride‐hexafluoropropylene) porous skeleton (NZSP/PVDF‐HFP), exhibiting a high Na+ transference number of 0.63 and a suitable ionic conductivity of above 10−4 S cm−1 at 60 °C. In addition, due to the unique structure of the internal rigidity and external flexibility, the composite solid electrolyte can effectively mitigate interfacial ion transfer issues while guaranteeing a certain mechanical strength, and largely inhibiting the formation of dendrite and dead sodium. The solid sodium metal batteries using Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) as a cathode possess a discharge capacity of 85 mA h g−1 after 100 cycles at 0.5 C, and achieve above 90% of capacity retention rate during 100 cycles at 0.1 C for Na2/3Ni1/3Mn1/3Ti1/3O2 (NTMO) at 60 °C. The flexible solid electrolyte with multilayer structure shows a great advantage for managing the ionic conductivity and interface resistance problem, suggesting a promise as a practical sodium metal battery.

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“…Owing to the advances in nano‐engineering, various carbon materials have been modified to further improve energy storage performance for practical SIB applications. Many efforts continues to address the problem associated with reversible sodium ion storage capacity, charge transfer kinetics, initial Coulombic efficiency, consumption of electrolyte, large volume expansion and polarization, realizing the commercial SIBs …”

Section: Part 6 Carbon Materials For Sodium‐ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Though the soft carbons have voltage loss about 0.3 V compared with hard carbons because they operate on relatively high potential, it can be compensated by enhanced rate capability and Coulombic efficiency. Hard‐soft carbon composites are beneficial for synergistic effect on high performance, covering the weakness of each carbon . Porous carbon, on the other hand, can reasonably satisfy the adsorption and pore filling of the sodium ions.…”

Section: Part 6 Carbon Materials For Sodium‐ion Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

2020 Roadmap on Carbon Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion

Liao

et al. 2020

Chemistry An Asian Journal

179

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Carbon is a simple, stable and popular element with many allotropes. The carbon family members include carbon dots, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, graphene, graphite, graphdiyne and hard carbon, etc. They can be divided into different dimensions, and their structures can be open and porous. Moreover, it is very interesting to dope them with other elements (metal or non‐metal) or hybridize them with other materials to form composites. The elemental and structural characteristics offer us to explore their applications in energy, environment, bioscience, medicine, electronics and others. Among them, energy storage and conversion are extremely attractive, as advances in this area may improve our life quality and environment. Some energy devices will be included herein, such as lithium‐ion batteries, lithium sulfur batteries, sodium‐ion batteries, potassium‐ion batteries, dual ion batteries, electrochemical capacitors, and others. Additionally, carbon‐based electrocatalysts are also studied in hydrogen evolution reaction and carbon dioxide reduction reaction. However, there are still many challenges in the design and preparation of electrode and electrocatalytic materials. The research related to carbon materials for energy storage and conversion is extremely active, and this has motivated us to contribute with a roadmap on ‘Carbon Materials in Energy Storage and Conversion’.

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Hard–Soft Carbon Composite Anodes with Synergistic Sodium Storage Performance

Cited by 240 publications

References 37 publications

Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries: Boosting the Rate Capability and Cycle Life by Combining Morphology, Defect and Structure Engineering

Sodium/Potassium‐Ion Batteries: Boosting the Rate Capability and Cycle Life by Combining Morphology, Defect and Structure Engineering

A Flexible Solid Electrolyte with Multilayer Structure for Sodium Metal Batteries

2020 Roadmap on Carbon Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion

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