Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Is a Risk Factor for Thyroid Cancer

FishStephanie, A

doi:10.1089/ct.2019;31.333-335

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…We speculate whether this autoantibody association might be the cause of this morphological finding, which was not observed in type 3 thyroiditis (with both autoantibodies positive) because Anti-TPO may reduce the expression of Anti-TG in the same gland. In the present study, no patient showed association of HT with malignant neoplasias, even among those with thyroid nodules submitted to FNAB [30,31].…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 58%

Clinical-Laboratory Evaluation of a Group of Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Alves¹,

Gabarra²

2020

JJR

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Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (or chronic thyroiditis, or Hashimoto thyroiditis -HT) was first described in 1992 in Germany by the Japanese pathologist Hakuru Hashimoto as a new disease called lymphomatous struma. Today it represents the most frequent cause of hypothyroidism and goiter in the US and in areas of iodine sufficiency. It is the main cause of goiter in children and young adults and of idiopathic mixedema. The most important auto antibodies are antithyroglobulin (Anti-TG), antithyroperoxidase (Anti-TPO) and TSH receptor antibody blocker (TRAB). In the initial phase Anti-TG is markedly elevated while Anti-TPO is only mildly elevated. Anti-TG may disappear, but Anti-TPO continues to be positive for many years. Its pathogenesis has not been fully clarified. The estimate is that the pathogenesis of this immune disease is due genetic factors in 70 to 80% of cases and to environmental factors in 20 to 30% of cases. The study was conducted on 399 patients, 336 women (87.2%) and 63 men (12.8 %), ranging in age from 11 to 95 years. The predominant age ranges were 20 to 70 years for women and 30 to 60 years for men. Blood samples were obtained for the determination of TSH, T4L, T3L, thyroglobulin, and anti-TPO, anti-thyroglobulin and TSH receptor (TRAB) antibodies by chemiluminescence. Anti-TPO and anti-TG autoantibody values were higher in Anti-TPO-positive and AntiTG -negative: Type 1 thyroiditis; and in Anti-TPO-negative and AntiTG -positive: Type 2 thyroiditis; and in Anti-TPO-positive and antiTG -positive: Type 3 thyroiditis; and in Anti-TPO-negative and AntiTG -negative: Type 4 thyroiditis. Autoantibody expression was similar in men and women, with predominance of type 4 > type 3 > type 2> type 1 when considering the oldest age of each sex (95 years for women and 85 years for men). When considering the youngest age studied, the following results were obtained: type 2 > type 4 > type 1> type 3 for women and type 3 > type 1 > type 4 > type 2 for men.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 58%

Clinical-Laboratory Evaluation of a Group of Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Alves¹,

Gabarra²

2020

JJR

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“…PTCs, with associated CLT, show a less extensive disease at diagnosis and improved disease-free survival [82,128], whereas patients with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in PTC, without CLT, had a higher disease stage and an elevated incidence of invasion and lymph node metastasis compared to patients without lymphocytes [94]. Different prospective study investigated the association between HT and thyroid malignancy, showing a higher rate of indeterminate cytology and a higher incidence of thyroid cancer in patients with HT [129,130].…”

Section: Chronic Lymphocytic Thyroiditis (Clt) and Tcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune and Inflammatory Cells in Thyroid Cancer Microenvironment

Ferrari

Fallahi

Galdiero

et al. 2019

IJMS

179

139

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A hallmark of cancer is the ability of tumor cells to avoid immune destruction. Activated immune cells in tumor microenvironment (TME) secrete proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines which foster the proliferation of tumor cells. Specific antigens expressed by cancer cells are recognized by the main actors of immune response that are involved in their elimination (immunosurveillance). By the recruitment of immunosuppressive cells, decreasing the tumor immunogenicity, or through other immunosuppressive mechanisms, tumors can impair the host immune cells within the TME and escape their surveillance. Within the TME, cells of the innate (e.g., macrophages, mast cells, neutrophils) and the adaptive (e.g., lymphocytes) immune responses are interconnected with epithelial cancer cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells via cytokines, chemokines, and adipocytokines. The molecular pattern of cytokines and chemokines has a key role and could explain the involvement of the immune system in tumor initiation and progression. Thyroid cancer-related inflammation is an important target for diagnostic procedures and novel therapeutic strategies. Anticancer immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors, unleashes the immune system and activates cytotoxic lymphocytes to kill cancer cells. A better knowledge of the molecular and immunological characteristics of TME will allow novel and more effective immunotherapeutic strategies in advanced thyroid cancer.

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“…The stimulated nicotine receptors on immune cells may be involved in the decreased risk of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis ( 23 ). Another tobacco alkaloid, anatabine, also helped to reduce not only the incidence but also the severity of thyroiditis related to thyroglobulin ( 24 ), while a positive relationship between TC and chronic thyroiditis, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, was found in some studies ( 25 , 26 ). However, the relationship between eating habits and TC development stratified by smoking status is still unclear and needs to be evaluated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between dietary habits and incident thyroid cancer: A prospective cohort study

Nguyen

Gunathilake²,

Lee³

et al. 2023

Front. Nutr.

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BackgroundIn addition to the thyroid cancer (TC) risk from lifestyle and environmental factors such as radiation exposure, some studies have indicated that diet may affect TC development; however, previous findings are inconsistent. The objective of our study was to investigate the association between dietary habits and TC risk in a Korean population.Materials and methodsA total of 13,973 participants were selected after excluding ineligible subjects from the Cancer Screenee Cohort at National Cancer Center in Korea from October 2007 to December 2021. Participants were followed until May 2022 to identify incident TC cases. Information on dietary habits and general characteristics was collected using a self-report questionnaire administered at enrollment without keeping track of changes in eating habits during the follow-up period. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of TC risk for each dietary factor.ResultsA total of 138 incident TC cases were identified during the median follow-up period of 7.6 years. Of the 12 dietary habits evaluated, only two habits showed significant associations with TC. A significantly decreased TC risk was found among participants who consumed milk and/or dairy products 5 or more days a week [adjusted HR (aHR), 0.58; 95% CI, 0.39–0.85]. Notably, a stronger protective effect of dairy consumption was observed in participants aged ≥ 50 years (aHR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.26–0.75), in women (aHR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.35–0.81), and in non-smokers (aHR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.39–0.92). There was a reduced risk of TC in participants with meal durations longer than 10 min (aHR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.41–0.83). However, this association was limited to individuals aged ≥ 50 years (aHR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.31–0.79), women (aHR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.41–0.90), and non-smokers (aHR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.41–0.92).ConclusionOur findings suggest that consuming milk and/or dairy products 5 or more days a week and having a meal duration longer than 10 min could be protective factors against TC, especially in individuals aged ≥ 50 years, women and non-smokers. Further prospective studies are needed to investigate the association of dietary intake with specific types of TC.

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Hashimoto's Thyroiditis Is a Risk Factor for Thyroid Cancer

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Clinical-Laboratory Evaluation of a Group of Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Clinical-Laboratory Evaluation of a Group of Patients with Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Immune and Inflammatory Cells in Thyroid Cancer Microenvironment

Association between dietary habits and incident thyroid cancer: A prospective cohort study

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