Abstract:Pathological image enhancement is a significant topic in the field of pathological image processing. This paper proposes a high dynamic range (HDR) pathological image enhancement method based on improved bias field correction and guided image filter (GIF). Firstly, a preprocessing including stain normalization and wavelet denoising is performed for Haematoxylin and Eosin (H and E) stained pathological image. Then, an improved bias field correction model is developed to enhance the influence of light for high-f… Show more
“…T. harzianum Th33 in this study is a biocontrol fungi used in controlling plant fungal diseases caused by R. solani , Sclerotium rolfsii , Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , F. oxysporum , and Pythium spp. (Sun et al 2016 ). Deleting thga3 resulted in a significant decrease in antagonistic and mycoparasitic ability, which is similar to GzGPA2 in F. graminearum , wherein deletion of GzGPA2 caused reduced pathogenicity and increased chitin accumulation in the cell wall (Yu et al 2008 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Gα3 gene thga3 of T. harzianum Th33 was cloned from the Th33 genomic DNA (GenBank Accession Number PRJNA272949) (Sun et al 2016 ). The thga3 deletion strain Δ thga3 was generated by the double-crossover homologous recombination strategy.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Different Gα subunits regulate different biological processes in fungi (Lei et al 2019 ). Gα1 subunits are found more frequently and regulate vegetative growth, conidiation, and mycoparasitic responses in fungi (Rocha-Ramírez et al 2002 ; Sun et al 2016 ; Reithner et al 2005 ). The function of Gα2 in fungi is rarely reported (Lei et al 2019 ), and Gα3 subunits possess different regulatory functions, the understanding of which is based on studies on Gα3 subunits from Trichoderma spp.…”
Heterotrimeric G-proteins are key elements of signal transduction pathways, which participate in regulating multiple biological processes in fungi including growth, conidiation, antagonism, and mycoparasitism. Among G protein subunits, Gα3 showed diverse regulatory functions in different fungi. In this study, we cloned a Gα3 subunit coding gene thga3 from T. harzianum Th33 that can antagonize Rhizoctonia solani and some other plant pathogenic fungi. A thga3 deletion strain Δthga3 was generated using the double-crossover homologous recombination strategy, and Rthga3 was generated by transforming thga3-expressing vector into the protoplasts of Δthga3 by the PEG/CaCl2-mediated method. The biological characteristics of wild-type Th33, Δthga3 and Rthga3 were evaluated. Compared with wild-type Th33, Δthga3 showed 15%, 94%, and 23% decrease in hyphal growth, conidia yield, and chitinase activity, respectively, and Δthga3 showed lower antagonistic and mycoparasitism abilities, while there were no significant differences between wild-type Th33 and Rthga3. The hyphal surface hydrophobicity of Δthga3 significantly decreased compared with those of the wild-type Th33 and Rthga3. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that transcript abundance of the hydrophobin gene (tha_09745) of Δthga3 decreased by 80% compared with that of wild-type Th33 and Rthga3. The results showed that thga3 positively regulates the growth, conidiation, hydrophobicity, chitinase activities, and mycoparasitism of Th33 towards R. solani. We hence deduced that the expression level of Tha_09745 is correlated to the hyphal hydrophobicity of Th33 and therefore affects the other biological characteristics of Th33. The findings of this report provide a foundation for elucidating the G-protein signal regulatory mechanisms of fungi.
“…T. harzianum Th33 in this study is a biocontrol fungi used in controlling plant fungal diseases caused by R. solani , Sclerotium rolfsii , Sclerotinia sclerotiorum , F. oxysporum , and Pythium spp. (Sun et al 2016 ). Deleting thga3 resulted in a significant decrease in antagonistic and mycoparasitic ability, which is similar to GzGPA2 in F. graminearum , wherein deletion of GzGPA2 caused reduced pathogenicity and increased chitin accumulation in the cell wall (Yu et al 2008 ).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The Gα3 gene thga3 of T. harzianum Th33 was cloned from the Th33 genomic DNA (GenBank Accession Number PRJNA272949) (Sun et al 2016 ). The thga3 deletion strain Δ thga3 was generated by the double-crossover homologous recombination strategy.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Different Gα subunits regulate different biological processes in fungi (Lei et al 2019 ). Gα1 subunits are found more frequently and regulate vegetative growth, conidiation, and mycoparasitic responses in fungi (Rocha-Ramírez et al 2002 ; Sun et al 2016 ; Reithner et al 2005 ). The function of Gα2 in fungi is rarely reported (Lei et al 2019 ), and Gα3 subunits possess different regulatory functions, the understanding of which is based on studies on Gα3 subunits from Trichoderma spp.…”
Heterotrimeric G-proteins are key elements of signal transduction pathways, which participate in regulating multiple biological processes in fungi including growth, conidiation, antagonism, and mycoparasitism. Among G protein subunits, Gα3 showed diverse regulatory functions in different fungi. In this study, we cloned a Gα3 subunit coding gene thga3 from T. harzianum Th33 that can antagonize Rhizoctonia solani and some other plant pathogenic fungi. A thga3 deletion strain Δthga3 was generated using the double-crossover homologous recombination strategy, and Rthga3 was generated by transforming thga3-expressing vector into the protoplasts of Δthga3 by the PEG/CaCl2-mediated method. The biological characteristics of wild-type Th33, Δthga3 and Rthga3 were evaluated. Compared with wild-type Th33, Δthga3 showed 15%, 94%, and 23% decrease in hyphal growth, conidia yield, and chitinase activity, respectively, and Δthga3 showed lower antagonistic and mycoparasitism abilities, while there were no significant differences between wild-type Th33 and Rthga3. The hyphal surface hydrophobicity of Δthga3 significantly decreased compared with those of the wild-type Th33 and Rthga3. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that transcript abundance of the hydrophobin gene (tha_09745) of Δthga3 decreased by 80% compared with that of wild-type Th33 and Rthga3. The results showed that thga3 positively regulates the growth, conidiation, hydrophobicity, chitinase activities, and mycoparasitism of Th33 towards R. solani. We hence deduced that the expression level of Tha_09745 is correlated to the hyphal hydrophobicity of Th33 and therefore affects the other biological characteristics of Th33. The findings of this report provide a foundation for elucidating the G-protein signal regulatory mechanisms of fungi.
“…As the multidimensional nature of health and aging 7 , recently more researches have paid attention to the relationship between diseases, such as chronic diseases, disability, and depression, and indicated that estimating one direction of the interrelationship between diseases may be misleading 8 – 10 . Several studies have explored disease, disability or depression trajectories among older adults, but they were estimated separately as if three independent processes 7 , 11 . To our knowledge, none of the studies examined the disability, depression and disease trajectories jointly and how the three components evolved over time.…”
This study aimed to identify the multi-trajectories of 3-D health of older adults in China and to explore whether the childhood predictors are associated with 3-D health trajectory. Data came from five waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS, 2011 to 2018). A multi-trajectory modeling approach was carried out to jointly estimate the trajectories of 3-D health. A multinomial regression model was used to investigate the relationships between childhood predictors and the joint trajectories. We identified three typical joint 3-D health trajectories. Female, childhood health, maternal and paternal educations, childhood friendships, family and neighborhood predictors could all affect 3-D health trajectories of older adults directly or indirectly through adult variables. The 3-D health trajectories showed increasing trends, thus the government should perform more interventions toward the childhood predictors for better health of older adults.
“…Thus, it is a very important task but, in any case, an experimental identification is time-consuming, highly-costly and laborious. To cope with this issue, a computational methodology is required for prediction of these proteins (Jiang et al 2016 ; Li et al 2016 ), however, no prior method exists. Fig.…”
DNA replication is one of the specific processes to be considered in all the living organisms, specifically eukaryotes. The prevalence of DNA replication is significant for an evolutionary transition at the beginning of life. DNA replication proteins are those proteins which support the process of replication and are also reported to be important in drug design and discovery. This information depicts that DNA replication proteins have a very important role in human bodies, however, to study their mechanism, their identification is necessary. Thus, it is a very important task but, in any case, an experimental identification is time-consuming, highly-costly and laborious. To cope with this issue, a computational methodology is required for prediction of these proteins, however, no prior method exists. This study comprehends the construction of novel prediction model to serve the proposed purpose. The prediction model is developed based on the artificial neural network by integrating the position relative features and sequence statistical moments in PseAAC for training neural networks. Highest overall accuracy has been achieved through tenfold cross-validation and Jackknife testing that was computed to be 96.22% and 98.56%, respectively. Our astonishing experimental results demonstrated that the proposed predictor surpass the existing models that can be served as a time and cost-effective stratagem for designing novel drugs to strike the contemporary bacterial infection.
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