Health Disparities: Access

Khan, Shamshad A.

doi:10.1002/9781119678816.iehc0826

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Based on the stagnation in the decline of smoking prevalence in the two years since the pandemic began, there is an urgent need for bold policy action. Even based on pre-pandemic trends, the UK Government’s smokefree 2030 target would not have been achieved until at least 2037 [ 28 ]. The stagnation appears to have been caused by an increase in smoking among young adults.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Have there been sustained impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on trends in smoking prevalence, uptake, quitting, use of treatment, and relapse? A monthly population study in England, 2017–2022

Jackson,

Tattan-Birch,

Shahab

et al. 2023

BMC Med

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Background Studies conducted during the early stages of the pandemic documented mixed changes in smoking behaviour: more smokers quitting successfully but little change in prevalence. This study aimed to examine whether there have been sustained impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on smoking patterns in England. Methods Data were from 101,960 adults (≥ 18 years) participating in the Smoking Toolkit Study, a monthly representative household survey, between June 2017 and August 2022. Interviews were conducted face-to-face until March 2020 and via telephone thereafter. Generalised additive models estimated associations of the pandemic onset (March 2020) with current smoking, uptake, cessation, quit attempts, and use of support. Models adjusted for seasonality, sociodemographic characteristics, and (where relevant) dependence and tobacco control mass-media expenditure. Results Before the COVID-19 pandemic, smoking prevalence fell by 5.2% per year; this rate of decline slowed to 0.3% per year during the pandemic (RRΔtrend = 1.06, 95% CI = 1.02, 1.09). This slowing was evident in more but not less advantaged social grades (RRΔtrend = 1.15, 1.08, 1.21; RRΔtrend = 1.00, 0.96, 1.05). There were sustained step-level changes in different age groups: a 34.9% (95% CI = 17.7, 54.7%) increase in smoking prevalence among 18–24-year-olds, indicating a potential rise in uptake, in contrast to a 13.6% (95% CI = 4.4, 21.9%) decrease among 45–65-year-olds. In both age groups, these step-level changes were followed by the pre-pandemic declines stopping, and prevalence remaining flat. There were sustained increases in quitting among past-year smokers, with a 120.4% (95% CI = 79.4, 170.9%) step-level increase in cessation and a 41.7% (95% CI = 29.7, 54.7%) increase in quit attempts. The main limitation was the change in modality of data collection when the pandemic started; while this may have contributed to the step-level changes we observed, it is unlikely to explain changes in the slope of trends. Conclusions In England, the rate of decline in adult smoking prevalence stagnated during the COVID-19 pandemic through to 2022. At the start of the pandemic, a potential reduction in smoking prevalence among middle-aged adults and increases in quitting among smokers may have been offset by an increase in smoking among young adults. The slowing in the rate of decline was pronounced in more advantaged social grades.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Have there been sustained impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on trends in smoking prevalence, uptake, quitting, use of treatment, and relapse? A monthly population study in England, 2017–2022

Jackson,

Tattan-Birch,

Shahab

et al. 2023

BMC Med

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“…The recent independent Khan Review 6 recommended that, to help the government meet its ambition of making England smokefree by 2030, vaping is offered as a substitute for smoking. Following this, in April 2023, the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) announced a ‘Swap to Stop’ programme, offering a vaping starter kit to one million smokers across England.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selecting an e-cigarette for use in smoking cessation interventions and healthcare services: findings from patient and public consultation for the COSTED trial

Belderson,

Ward,

Pope

et al. 2024

BMJ Open

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ObjectivesThe Cessation of Smoking Trial in the Emergency Department (COSTED) trial aims to ascertain whether brief advice, the provision of an e-cigarette starter kit and referral to stop smoking services (SSS), increases smoking cessation in people attending the emergency department. Patient and public involvement (PPI) and scoping work were undertaken to select an appropriate e-cigarette for the trial.Design and settingPPI consultation and feasibility scoping about potential devices with a professional and lay panel, all based in England. Consultation was via email, telephone or video interview. This work took place between April and July 2021, prior to recruitment commencing for the COSTED trial.ParticipantsA professional panel (n=7) including representatives from academia, SSS and the independent vaping industry, and a PPI lay panel (n=3) who smoke or vape.ResultsThe professional panel recommended a shortlist of devices which were tested by the PPI lay panel. Key criteria for selecting an appropriate e-cigarette for smoking cessation intervention include satisfaction, usability, affordability and availability. Simplicity of use was highlighted by the PPI lay panel, who found refillable devices complex, and availability of consumables was highlighted as more important than price by both panels. The pod device selected for inclusion was rated highly for satisfaction and usability and had mid-price range and consumables which were widely available.ConclusionsTo select the most appropriate device for the COSTED trial, each criterion required assessment to ensure the best fit to the intervention context and needs of the target population. There is a need for guidance to help enable decision-making about choice of vape products, tailored to service users’ needs. We propose a bespoke checklist template, based on our findings, to assist with this process. This has applicability to the recent government announcement of a ‘Swap to Stop’ programme, offering a vaping starter kit to smokers across England, allowing services flexibility to shape their own programmes and models of delivery.Trial registration numberClinical trial numberISRCTN04854616; pre-results.

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Health Disparities: Access

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Have there been sustained impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on trends in smoking prevalence, uptake, quitting, use of treatment, and relapse? A monthly population study in England, 2017–2022

Have there been sustained impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on trends in smoking prevalence, uptake, quitting, use of treatment, and relapse? A monthly population study in England, 2017–2022

Selecting an e-cigarette for use in smoking cessation interventions and healthcare services: findings from patient and public consultation for the COSTED trial

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