Health Status of Elderly Population in the Buea Health District, Cameroon

Emeh, Agbor Nathan; Landis, Fongang Che; Gilbert, Tambetakaw Njang; Ashu, Atongno Humphrey

doi:10.33879/amh.2020.033-1904.010

Cited by 4 publications

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“…In our findings, patients’ financial status was reported to influence nurse nonverbal communication with hospitalized older adults. In Cameroon, the cost of purchasing healthcare is relatively high for the average older adult because there are out-of-pocket payments for every healthcare service rendered, even if this is in public hospitals ( Emeh, 2020 ). Patients pay for their consultation, medication, and hospitalization fees before treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditions Influencing Effective Nurse Nonverbal Communication With Hospitalized Older Adults in Cameroon

Keutchafo

Kerr

Baloyi

et al. 2022

Global Qualitative Nursing Research

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Effective communication between nurses and patients is an important factor to quality nursing care but ineffective nonverbal communication could take a toll on health care. Therefore, understanding the factors that influence nonverbal communication between nurses and hospitalized older adults could help solve communication problems, thus improve nursing care. A sample of 13 nurses and 4 student nurses from two hospitals in Cameroon participated in the study. Data were collected using participant observations and semi-structured interviews, and analyzed using open coding and constant comparative analysis. Three categories were identified as influencing factors: nurse views of hospitalized older adults, hospitalized older adult-related factors, and nurse intrinsic factors. Effective nurses’ nonverbal communication with hospitalized older adults relies mostly on nurses’ intrinsic factors. Identification and nurturing of the positive nurse intrinsic factors are important to develop effective nonverbal communication skills among nurses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conditions Influencing Effective Nurse Nonverbal Communication With Hospitalized Older Adults in Cameroon

Keutchafo

Kerr

Baloyi

et al. 2022

Global Qualitative Nursing Research

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“…Unlike other African countries such as Mauritius, Seychelles, and South Africa, there is no national effort to develop long-term care settings in Cameroon [ 4 ]. As a result, older adults solely utilize hospital settings when requiring medical assistance [ 21 , 22 ] where nurses communicate more often with them. Additionally, Cameroon is one of the most linguistically fragmented countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with approximately 250 indigenous languages, apart from English and French which are both considered official languages [ 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Model for Effective Nonverbal Communication between Nurses and Older Patients: A Grounded Theory Inquiry

2022

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Nonverbal communication is an inevitable art to be effectively mastered by nurses. Nurse nonverbal communication has many benefits when it is effective. For instance, nonverbal communication is important to convey affective and emotional information, and demonstrate respect for and build therapeutic relationships with older patients. As the older population is growing fast worldwide, effective nonverbal communication with older patients is an essential skill for nurses and will improve patients’ satisfaction and the quality of care. Therefore, this article presents a model to guide effective nonverbal communication between nurses and older patients. A Grounded Theory approach guided the study. Data were collected between July 2018 and January 2020 through overt participant observations and individual interviews. Purposive and theoretical sampling were used to select 13 clinically experienced nurses, 4 nursing students, and 8 older adults. Data analysis encompassed open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The results showed that effective nonverbal communication emerged as the co-phenomenon hinged within context and/or environment and is influenced by certain factors. This model, which is in support of person-centered communication and care, advocates for effective nonverbal communication between nurses and older patients.

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“…Unlike other African countries such as Mauritius, Seychelles, and South Africa, there is no national effort to develop long-term care settings (World Health Organization, 2017). As a result, older adults solely utilise hospital settings when requiring medical assistance (Emeh, 2020;Gallo, 2019), where nurses communicate more often with them. Additionally, Cameroon is one of the most linguistically fragmented countries in sub-Saharan Africa, with about 250 indigenous languages, apart from English and French, which are both considered official languages (Chiatoh, 2014).…”

Section: Problem Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

An analysis of nonverbal communication between nurses and hospitalised older adults in selected hospitals in Cameroon

Wanko Keutchafo

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Background: Nurse-patient communication has been recognised as one of the most important aspects of successful patient outcomes. In relation to older adults, whose numbers are growing worldwide, nurses’ communication with older adults is essential because older adults will seek medical assistance more than before. Since most rely on nonverbal communication because of hearing deficits, and changes in attention and coding of information – all restrictions in interaction and effective verbal communication – nurses’ nonverbal communication will be a vital skill to develop good nurse-older patient relationships. In a context where there are no long-term care settings, nurses will be required to achieve effective nonverbal communication when older adults are admitted to the wards. Aim: This study aimed at analysing nonverbal communication between nurses and hospitalised older adults in selected hospitals in Cameroon, to develop a model for effective nonverbal communication between nurses and older adults. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used in this study. A total of 372 participants were included through overt, theoretical, and convenience sampling. To collect the qualitative data through participant observations and individual interviews, twenty-seven (27) nurses were observed, of which 13 nurses were interviewed, and 29 older adults were observed, of which eight (8) were interviewed. In addition, 316 nursing students participated in the survey. Qualitative data analysis was composed of open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, which were intertwined as the researcher moved back and forth between data collection and data analysis. Additionally, comparative analysis, theoretical sensitivity, and memos were used during the process of analysing the qualitative data. Quantitative data were analysed using SPPS version 25, where descriptive and inferential analyses were run. Additionally, an explanatory factor analysis based on the principal component analysis method with varimax rotation was conducted, to determine the common factors that explain the order and structure among measured variables. Results: Firstly, the results showed that there was limited evidence of studies on nonverbal communication between nurses and cognitively intact hospitalised older adults in clinical settings. Secondly, the results showed that hospitalised older adults made both positive and negative interpretations of nurses’ nonverbal communication. They also had specific nonverbal communication needs. Thirdly, the results showed that nurses mainly used haptics, kinesics, and proxemics to communicate nonverbally with hospitalised older adults to build relationships with them, convey affection, reassure them, and support verbal communication. Further, the results showed that nursing students held slightly positive attitudes towards older adults; yet, the tool used to assess their attitudes showed moderate psychometric properties and two factor loadings. Finally, the results showed that the proposed model for effective nonverbal communication with hospitalised older adults, which emerged from the data, encompassed all six categories of Strauss and Corbin’s framework, which are: causal conditions, contextual conditions, core phenomenon, action/interaction strategies, intervening conditions and expected outcomes. Conclusions: This study revealed that nurses mainly use few nonverbal communication techniques to communicate with hospitalised older adults, which cannot achieve effective communication, vital in nurse-patient relationships. The proposed model provides a guide for effective nonverbal communication with older adults and acknowledges that older adults’ interpretations and needs of nonverbal communication, as well as attitudes towards them, all influence effective nonverbal communication with hospitalised older adults. It is hoped that nurses will consider these to improve their nonverbal communication with hospitalised older adults for better patient outcomes such as: patient satisfaction, shorter lengths of stay in hospitals and improved quality of care.

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Health Status of Elderly Population in the Buea Health District, Cameroon

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Conditions Influencing Effective Nurse Nonverbal Communication With Hospitalized Older Adults in Cameroon

Conditions Influencing Effective Nurse Nonverbal Communication With Hospitalized Older Adults in Cameroon

A Model for Effective Nonverbal Communication between Nurses and Older Patients: A Grounded Theory Inquiry

An analysis of nonverbal communication between nurses and hospitalised older adults in selected hospitals in Cameroon

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