Heat and mass transfer processes in solar stills of hotbox type

Baum, V.A.; Bairamov, R.

doi:10.1016/0038-092x(64)90081-7

Cited by 45 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…11, the correlation highly underestimates me. This range of observa-(iv) The estimation of me using correlation (d) is in close agreement with experiment for observations beyond Numerical calculations have also been made corresponding to the relationships proposed by Baum and Bairamov (1964), Lewis (1922Lewis ( , 1933 and Clark (1990) for the estimation of me. In these calculations, h,, is calculated using values of C and n from equation (2) in equation (l), and then it is used in equations (9), (1 1) and (12) for evaluating he.…”

Section: Numerical Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

“…Baum and Bairamov's (1964) approach: On the basis of experimental observations, Baum and Bairamov (1964) pointed out that the bulk of the air did not have any significant rate of exchange of water vapour with the boundary layers at the water (evaporation) and glass (condensation) surfaces. Therefore the rate of heat transfer on account of water evaporation is given by A detailed derivation of equation ( In obtaining equation (lo), it has been assumed that P, and Pc are considerably smaller than PT, and the mean operating temperature is 50°C.…”

Section: Evaporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is, however, a strong case for examining the validity of these relationships, at least for ranges of parameters that are beyond the usual range of operation. Amongst others, Baum and Bairamov (1964), Cooper (1973) and, very recently, Clark (1990 have made attempts in this respect by conducting steady-state experiments. The reported results, however, are conflicting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of mass-transfer rates in solar stills

Adhikari

Kumar

Kumar³

1990

Int. J. Energy Res.

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The paper presents the results of some investigations to establish the validity of various correlations for estimating masstransfer rates in a solar still. For this purpose, the results of steady‐state experiments in a controlled environment are compared with the predictions of different correlations. It has been observed that the correlation leading to the widely used Dunkle's relation is valid only when the Grashof number is less than 2.51 × 105 and needs modification for higher values of the Grashof number.

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Section: Numerical Results and Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Section: Evaporationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estimation of mass-transfer rates in solar stills

Adhikari

Kumar

Kumar³

1990

Int. J. Energy Res.

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“…For many years it was taught that energy and mass transport in solar stills were mainly accomplished by diffusive transfer in most part of the still, with a little boundary layer type flow close to the glass cover and may be in a small region adjacent to the liquid surface [8]. The reason for this interpretation can be found, perhaps, in that there were no detailed experimental and visualization studies except for the investigation conducted by Baum and Baimarov [36], showing a physical structure resembling very much to the one described above.…”

Section: Natural Convection From Brine To Glass Covermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A 2-mm gap between brine surface and glass cover is needed for diffusion to be as dominant as free convection for mass transport. It is noticeable that [8] and [36] mentioned "diffusion stills" emphasizing diffusive process as the dominant driving force within a still.…”

Section: Diffusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermodynamics of a Shallow Solar Still

Torchia-Núñez

Cervantes-de-Gortari²,

Porta-Gándara³

2014

EPE

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A detailed summary of the most relevant aspects of the thermodynamics of a shallow solar still is presented, including historical features not often found in the literature. Solar distillation has grown from applying empirical knowledge to advanced modeling and simulation. Geometrical, environmental and operational parameters of the solar still to heat transfer phenomena including evaporation and condensation, are taken into account in this overview, giving a comprehensive structure and classification to the study of solar stills from the thermodynamic point of view. The article describes global parameters, such as solar radiation, wind speed and thermal insulation among others and how they have been taken into account in the literature. Also, a distinction between internal and external heat transfer phenomena is proposed for clarification. Exergy balance is included to account for thermodynamic imperfections in the several processes inside the solar still. KeywordsSolar Still, Overview, Thermodynamics, Modeling, Exergy, Heat Transfer J. C. Torchia-Núñez et al. 247tensive description of various designs of solar stills, from the single-box still to the sophisticated mutiple-effect distiller and greenhouse-inclusive types are described. These authors mentioned that direct solar desalination systems had low operating and maintenance costs, but required large installation areas and high initial investment. However, this is an appropriate solution for remote areas and small communities in arid and semi-arid regions lacking water. These authors [1] pointed out that the first conventional solar still plant was built in 1872 by Charles Wilson in the mining community of Las Salinas in Northern Chile. This still was a large basin-type still used to supply fresh water from brackish feed water to the community, with a total capacity of about 23 m 3 /day and lasted 40 years until the mines were exhausted. A notable historical account of this project can be found in [2], which offers a social and historical background about Wilson, the solar distillation plant and other authors who wrote about it.Few other historic reviews with different emphases have been reported [3] for designs and experiences during the 50 s to 70 s; and more recently, an extensive account of solar stills has been published [4].Solar distillation is one of the oldest methods used to produce fresh water for different basic human needs. According to [5] and [6], one of the first treatises about solar distillation is De distillationelibri IX, written by G.B. della Porta in 1589. This work describes a solar distillation with glass hemispheres directly exposed to the sun. In [7] mentioned Lavoisier and its method of solar concentrators for heating alembics in 1770. It is also described in [7], manufacturing and operation advances of conventional basin and portable solar stills during WWII. This author analyzes some isolated elements of the solar still independently, showing different experimental results, such as the efficiency and fresh water production as a f...

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Meerwasser‐Destillation unter Ausnutzung der Sonnenstrahlung

Delyannis¹,

Delyannis²

1969

Chemie Ingenieur Technik

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Heat and mass transfer processes in solar stills of hotbox type

Cited by 45 publications

References 1 publication

Estimation of mass-transfer rates in solar stills

Estimation of mass-transfer rates in solar stills

Thermodynamics of a Shallow Solar Still

Meerwasser‐Destillation unter Ausnutzung der Sonnenstrahlung

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