Heat-mass exchange processes dynamics in fires in multi-apartment buildings and its impact on safe people evacuation probability

Abstract

The urgency of people safe evacuation problem from small and medium storeys typical residential sectional type multi-apartment buildings, which in accordance with current regulatory requirements are not equipped with technical means of fire detection and notification of residents, are not equipped with active smoke ventilation systems and do not have effective structural evacuation solutions is shown. Based on modern software systems, numerical experimental studies were conducted to assess the dynamics impact (intensity rate impact) of heat and mass exchange combustion processes on the people evacuation parameters and the corresponding rate of increase dangerous factors for human viability in fire. The time intervals available to residents for safe and timely evacuation are calculated, depending on the typical residential premises fire load characteristic quantity. Taking into account the results obtained, practical measures aimed at improving the people safety in fires in residential multi-apartment buildings are proposed for implementation.