Heat Preparation and Knowledge at the World Athletics Race Walking Team Championships Muscat 2022

Galán-López, Natalia; Esh, Chris J; Leal, Diogo V.; Gandini, Silvia; Lucas, Ronan; Garrandes, Frédéric; Bermon, Stéphane; Adami, Paolo Emilio; Kajėnienė, Alma; Hosokawa, Yuri; Chrismas, Bryna C. R.; Stevens, Christopher J; Taylor, Lee

doi:10.1123/ijspp.2022-0446

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…In addition, at the Tokyo 2021 Olympic Games, moderate-high temperatures were also observed during the marathon, 20 km and 50 km race walk with a temperature of 25.0–31.0°C [ 2 ]. At the 2022 World Athletics Race Walking Teams Championships in Muscat (Oman), temperatures of 27.4–29.6°C and RH of 47.3–62.7% were reached in the 20 km race walk (men and women) [ 3 ]. Therefore, athletes have to cope with moderate temperatures at international competitions due to the timing and location of the competitions, which are also affected by climate change [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pre-exercise glycerol supplementation on dehydration, metabolic, kinematic, and thermographic variables in international race walkers

Martínez-Noguera,

Cabizosu,

Alcaraz

et al. 2024

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Background Due to the increase in global temperature, it is necessary to investigate solutions so that athletes competing in hot conditions can perform in optimal conditions avoiding loss of performance and health problems. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the effect of pre-exercise glycerol supplementation during a rectangular test at ambient temperature mid (28.2ºC) on dehydration variables in international race walkers. Methods Eight international male race walkers (age: 28.0 years (4.4); weight: 65.6 kg (6.6); height: 180.0 cm (5.0); fat mass: 6.72% (0.66); muscle mass: 33.3 kg (3.3); VO 2MAX : 66.5 ml · kg −1 ·min −1 (1.9)) completed this randomized crossover design clinical trial. Subjects underwent two interventions: they consumed placebo ( n = 8) and glycerol ( n = 8) acutely, before a rectangular test where dehydration, RPE, metabolic, kinematic, and thermographic variables were analyzed before, during and after the test. Results After the intervention, significant differences were found between groups in body mass in favor of the placebo (Placebo: −2.23 kg vs Glycerol: −2.48 kg; p = 0.033). For other variables, no significant differences were found. Conclusion Therefore, pre-exercise glycerol supplementation was not able to improve any dehydration, metabolic, kinematic, or thermographic variables during a rectangular test at temperature mid in international race walkers. Possibly, a higher environmental temperature could have generated a higher metabolic and thermoregulatory stress, generating differences between groups like other previous scientific evidence.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of pre-exercise glycerol supplementation on dehydration, metabolic, kinematic, and thermographic variables in international race walkers

Martínez-Noguera,

Cabizosu,

Alcaraz

et al. 2024

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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Mixed-Method Heat Acclimation Induces Heat Adaptations in International Triathletes Without Training Modification

James,

Willmott,

Lee

et al. 2024

J. of SCI. IN SPORT AND EXERCISE

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Purpose Heat acclimation (HA) kinetics often necessitates that the intervention is conducted in the weeks immediately preceding athletic competitions, potentially interfering with a training taper. Therefore, we investigated the efficacy of a mixed-method HA protocol, superimposed over planned external training loads, during the 3-weeks prior to the 2022 U23 World Triathlon Championships. Methods Six international triathletes completed 8 pre-competition HA sessions (5 active: running/cycling, 3 passive: hot water immersion [HWI]), across 2-weeks. Outdoor high-intensity training sessions were followed by 30–60 min HWI, whilst low-intensity cycling/running sessions were completed in a hot, humid environmental chamber. To assess heat adaptations, participants completed three 25 min heat stress tests (HST) involving iso-speed treadmill running (session 1 = HST1, session 5 = HST2, and session 8 = HST3). Physiological, haematological and wellbeing monitoring were conducted throughout HA. Results Reduced heart rate (~ − 6 beats/min) was observed within HST3 (P = 0.01, ηp2 = 0.64), versus HST1 and HST2. No changes in core temperature were observed across HSTs (P = 0.055,ηp2 = 0.44). Sweat sodium concentration was lower by HST2 at the arm (− 23 ± 16 mmol/L, P = 0.02) and back (− 27 ± 17 mmol/L, P = 0.01). White blood cell count reduced from baseline to the end of HA (P = 0.02, ηp2 = 0.27), but no changes were found in any other haematological markers (all P > 0.05). Perceptual wellbeing measures did not change across HA (all P > 0.05). Conclusion By HST3, seven prior mixed-method HA sessions improved markers of heat adaptation (exercising HR and sweat concentration) within international triathletes. Mixed-method HA may be implemented without modifying training load, with no apparent detrimental effects on athlete health or training stress markers.

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A Review of Elite Athlete Evidence-Based Knowledge and Preparation for Competing in the Heat

Esh,

Carter,

Galan-Lopez

et al. 2024

J. of SCI. IN SPORT AND EXERCISE

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Elite athletes will compete in extreme heat more frequently as global land and sea temperatures increase, alongside more intense, frequent and longer duration heatwaves. Best practices to protect athlete health and performance during competition include heat acclimation/acclimatisation [(HA); i.e., long-term pre-competition preparation] complemented by pre-planned and practised cooling and hydration strategies (i.e., short-term interventions immediately before or during competition). This review explores elite athletes’ current behaviours and practices when preparing for competition in the heat and assesses the level of knowledge that has been exhibited by athletes and their practitioners in this space. Recommendations for future research, discussions of current best practices, and methods to improve translation of research into practice are provided. Available research focuses on small samples of elite endurance athletes during a selection of World Championship/Olympic/Paralympic events (~6% of competing athletes). While generally an increase in the adoption of evidence-based HA is seen chronologically from 2015 onwards, universal adoption is not seen. HA adoption is lowest in those who live/train in cold/temperate environments with cost and access to facilities/equipment being the most commonly reported barriers. Further research is required across the sporting landscape to fully characterise elite athlete behaviours and practices in these spaces. International federations and national governing bodies should continue their efforts to educate athletes and focus on regularly updated and reinvigorated release of evidence-based guidelines (in multiple germane languages) for competing in the heat, to increase the adoption of HA and other heat related best practice.

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Heat Preparation and Knowledge at the World Athletics Race Walking Team Championships Muscat 2022

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Effects of pre-exercise glycerol supplementation on dehydration, metabolic, kinematic, and thermographic variables in international race walkers

Effects of pre-exercise glycerol supplementation on dehydration, metabolic, kinematic, and thermographic variables in international race walkers

Mixed-Method Heat Acclimation Induces Heat Adaptations in International Triathletes Without Training Modification

A Review of Elite Athlete Evidence-Based Knowledge and Preparation for Competing in the Heat

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