Heat supply planning for the ecological housing community Munksøgård

Abstract

Munksøgård is a housing community near the city of Roskilde, Denmark. In 2014, Munksøgård's residents have agreed to change the existing heat supply system. The choice of future heat supply was narrowed to heat pumps, new biomass boiler and connection to nearby district heating network.The present paper compares results from techno-economic energy system analysis, simple private-economic analysis and assessment of externalities related to the heat supply and discusses the differences in conclusions -is the economic optimal solution different from a system or private-economic point of view?The techno-economic energy system analysis is done using TIMES-DTU model, which optimizes over all sectors in Denmark and all periods until 2050. The result from this model gives the least expensive solution from the overall system point of view. A spreadsheet model has been developed to do the private-economic analysis and the evaluation of external effects related to the different solutions.

Industrial excess heat for district heating in Denmark

“…Industrial excess heat is not included in studies [5,6,9], while the excess heat in Ref. [10] comes from biorefineries, which do not currently exist in Denmark and is therefore not comparable. The numbers used for EH as a resource in the different works are hardly comparable, as system boundaries are chosen differently and often the background of the numbers is not clearly stated.…”

“…It is also stated that district heating is important in 100 % renewable energy systems as it allows the utilisation of, for instance, large-scale solar thermal plants, large-scale heat pumps and industrial surplus heat. To find the optimal heat supply for a housing community from the energy system perspective, Karlsson et al [10] used the TIMES-DK model. District heating proved to be optimal from the system perspective in all analysed scenarios.…”

“…Despite the existing and possible future potential of excess heat contributing to the supply of district heat, only a few works have thoroughly studied it. From the studies [6,7,9,10,12] it can be further concluded that industrial excess heat brings socio-economic benefits, improves energy system efficiency and reduces primary energy demands. Since these benefits are generally desired, utilisation of EH for DH could also be interesting in countries and regions outside of Denmark.…”

The status of 4th generation district heating: Research and results

“…Similarly, heat atlases used in the context of Denmark have enabled assessments of energy efficiency and the development potential of 4GDH systems for actual locations in Denmark with a single building as the smallest computation unit for which technical and economic calculations are carried out using current planning databases. The heat atlases have been used to perform studies for municipalities [67,78] and regions [97], as well as national analyses of the spatially continuous potentials for energy efficiency [104], consumer and socio-economy [65], and the expansion of DH, connected to extensive energy systems analysis [98].…”

Scenarios for sustainable heat supply and heat savings in municipalities - The case of Helsingør, Denmark

“…Various urban energy models are also reviewed by [12,13]. The works concentrating specifically on local heat planning include: using statistical methods to determine DH feasibility in a Russian city [14], using a spreadsheet model and optimization model TIMES-DK for heat supply planning in a Danish housing community [15], modelling design and operation of a distributed energy system and a decentralised district heating network with an optimization model [16], quantitative scenario analysis of socio-economic feasibility of energy renovations and renewable energy supply in Copenhagen up to 2070 [17], determining optimal dispatch of large-scale heat pumps in Copenhagen using Balmorel model [18].…”