Heavy metals in face paints: Assessment of the health risks to Chinese opera actors

Wang, Bin; Su, Yu; Tian, Liyan; Peng, Shuchuan; Ji, Rong

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138163

Cited by 28 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Recently, significant concentrations of Cd, Cr, Mn, Ni and Pb were found in the most common cosmetics in Nigeria ( UkoNaku et al, 2020 ). A comprehensive study conducted in China determined the concentrations of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in face paints ( Wang et al, 2020 ). The study concluded that the total carcinogenic risk posed by the metals in 25 paint samples ranged between 0.01% and 0.96%, with the highest risk that of Cr which has a high probability for developing cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The risk assessment functions and indicators and their interconnection have been studied over the past years. Hazard Quotient (HQ) is a well-known indicator in most of risk assessment studies ( UkoNaku et al, 2020 ; Wang et al, 2020 ; Rowell et al, 2014 ). Another indicator is the reference dose (RfD) for dermal exposure where the dermal exposure (E derm ) can be estimated as the concentration or mass of chemical in the medium contacting the skin ( USEPA, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A comprehensive risk assessment of toxic elements in international brands of face foundation powders

Shomar

Rashkeev

2021

Environmental Research

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Despite the COVID-19 pandemic and wearing masks in many countries, women are keen on elegance, beauty and the use of face foundations. Assessment of health risks associated with the regular use of face foundation by females is dynamic due to the emerging products. The most common international 14 brands of face foundation powders were collected and the concentrations of different elements (Ag, Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, P, Pb, Sb, Se, Sn, V and Zn) in each sample were determined. A combined approach merging the conventional and computational tools was used for investigating the risk of exposure to toxic elements. Monte Carlo simulations were applied to calculate risks associated with twenty elements. We attempted different probability distribution functions for concentrations because the actual distribution functions are not known, and the only data available are the mean value and standard deviation of concentrations obtained from experiment. Our results indicate that the total non-carcinogenic health risk through exposure to different elements (Hazardous Index, HI) does not strongly depend on the choice of the probability distribution function for the concentrations. We also show that taking into account probability distributions of other variables and parameters such as body weight, exposed skin area, skin adhesion, etc. does not significantly change the main result rather just slightly broadening the final Hazardous Index distribution function. We found that calculated HI is well below unity for all considered samples, i.e., the dermal exposure to toxic elements in the considered facial powders is negligible and the considered face foundation powders are quite safe to use.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive risk assessment of toxic elements in international brands of face foundation powders

Shomar

Rashkeev

2021

Environmental Research

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“…Recently, Wang et al, have identified the heavy metals in face paints, finding average amounts of Pb (16.2 µg/g), As (1.8 µg/g), Cd (0.6 µg/g), Cr (23.1 µg/g), Co (4.4 µg/g), Cu (610 µg/g), Zn (10415 µg/g) and Ni (7.6 µg/g), and as a minimum four of the eight heavy metals were identified in all of the analyzed samples [2]. The overall carcinogenic threat constituted by the metals in analyzed face paints was 0.01-0.96% [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Environmental health risk by means of colorants based on heavy metals is a persistent menace to humans, particularly children of early age. Heavy metals are frequently used as colorants in childrens' toys, cosmetics and face paints [1][2][3][4][5]. Owing to their great degree of toxicity, the heavy metals including lead (Pb), arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) are categorized among the priority hazardous metals of human health importance [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The maximum health threat assessments link human exposure to heavy metals in other sources such as water, air, newspapers, wall paints, furniture dust, toys and soil [1][2][3][4][5][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Experimental and epidemiological investigations have revealed a link between heavy metal exposure and cancer occurrence in animals and human beings [36,42,43].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Heavy Metals in Acrylic Color Paints Intended for the School Children Use: A Potential Threat to the Children of Early Age

et al. 2021

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Heavy metals are the harmful elements, regarded as carcinogens. Nevertheless, owing to their physical and chemical properties, they are still used in the production of several commercial products. Utilization of such products increases the chance for the exposure of heavy metals, some of them are categorized as probable human carcinogens (Group 1) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Exposure of heavy metals to school children at early age can result severe life time health issues and high chance of emerging cancer. Thus, we have performed study relating to the presence of heavy metals in acrylic color paints commonly used by the school children. Acrylic paints of different colors were assayed for seven potential heavy metals manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) using microwave digestion and iCAPQ inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) system. The optimized method including paints digestion reagents nitric acid (HNO3, 65%, 5 mL) and hydrofluoric acid (HF, 40%, 2 mL) have offered excellent method performance with recovery values ranged between 99.33% and 105.67%. The elements were identified in all of the analyzed samples with concentrations ranged from 0.05 to 372.59 µg/g. Cd constitutes the lower percentage (0.05%), whereas Zn constitutes high ratio contribution which was tremendously high (68.33%). Besides, the paints contamination was also color specific, with considerably total heavy metal concentrations found in brunt umber (526.57 µg/g) while scarlet color (12.62 µg/g) contained lower amounts. The outcomes of our investigation highlight the necessity for guidelines addressing the heavy metals in acrylic color paints intended for the school children usage.

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Contamination and Carcinogenic Risks of Lead in Lip Cosmetics in China

Gong,

Chu,

Kwong

et al. 2024

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Heavy metals in face paints: Assessment of the health risks to Chinese opera actors

Cited by 28 publications

References 35 publications

A comprehensive risk assessment of toxic elements in international brands of face foundation powders

A comprehensive risk assessment of toxic elements in international brands of face foundation powders

Heavy Metals in Acrylic Color Paints Intended for the School Children Use: A Potential Threat to the Children of Early Age

Contamination and Carcinogenic Risks of Lead in Lip Cosmetics in China

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