Heavy metals, TBT and DDT in the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea commercialis) sampled from the Hawkesbury River estuary, NSW, Australia

Hardiman, Sean; Pearson, Benjamin

doi:10.1016/0025-326x(95)00078-2

Cited by 33 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Cu, Zn and Pb concentrations in oysters were found to be highest at site B (Duncan, p<0.05). When the Pacific oyster data collected in this study were compared with similar data for species of the genus Crassostrea in Taiwan and elsewhere in the world (Table 4), the Cu and Zn concentrations in Pacific oysters from site B can be interpreted as being relatively high, indicating a much higher than normal concentration (Han and Hung 1990;Hardiman and Pearson 1995;Lee et al 1996;Han et al 2000;Silva et al 2001). The Pb and Cd concentrations found in Pacific oysters in this study were not obviously higher than the normal range that might be considered as a background level ( Table 4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Heavy metal concentrations of the soldier crab (Mictyris brevidactylus) along the inshore area of Changhua, Taiwan

Chen

Wang

2008

Environ Monit Assess

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In order to compare with and assess the metal-accumulating ability of the soldier crab (Mictyris brevidactylus), the concentrations of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and cadmium of ambient water and the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) were investigated. Seawater, soldier crabs and Pacific oysters were simultaneously collected from the Changhua coastal area, located in West-Central Taiwan. The Pacific oyster and stream results proved that site B is contaminated by Cu, Zn and Pb from streams B-1 and B-2. The highest Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb concentrations in soldier crabs appeared at site B, and significant differences in the accumulated concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn and Ni in soldier crabs were found between the sites tested. The highest bioconcentration factors of Cu, Zn, Ni and Pb in soldier crabs appeared at site B, indicating that the soldier crab can accumulate Cu, Zn and Pb to the same degree as the Pacific oyster. In fact, soldier crabs can accumulate more Ni than Pacific oysters, better reflecting the conditions of the ambient environment. These phenomena, as well as the fact that the soldier crab is able to accumulate relatively high levels of Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni, suggest that this crab is a potential biomonitor of Pb and Ni pollution in aquatic ecosystems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Heavy metal concentrations of the soldier crab (Mictyris brevidactylus) along the inshore area of Changhua, Taiwan

Chen

Wang

2008

Environ Monit Assess

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“…Oysters (and settlement plates) were spaced appropriately to prevent cross-contamination from the different AF paints. Each replicate (n = 3 per site) consisted of a composite of four oysters selected randomly from a single mesh bag, freeze dried and ground to powder following Hardiman & Pearson (1995). Three mesh bags of 10 oysters were suspended at 2 m depth at each field site for 12 weeks, and then collected and depurated for 48 h in containers of filtered sea water before storage at )10°C (Robinson et al, 2005).…”

Section: Comparison Of Heavy Metals and Physico-chemical Variables Bementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Three mesh bags of 10 oysters were suspended at 2 m depth at each field site for 12 weeks, and then collected and depurated for 48 h in containers of filtered sea water before storage at )10°C (Robinson et al, 2005). Each replicate (n = 3 per site) consisted of a composite of four oysters selected randomly from a single mesh bag, freeze dried and ground to powder following Hardiman & Pearson (1995). Subsamples of 0.4 g of freeze-dried oyster powder were added to 5 mL of distilled HNO 3 , 2 mL of H 2 O 2 and 3 mL of Milli-Q water in digestion vessels and microwave digested at 190°C for 20 min.…”

Section: Comparison Of Heavy Metals and Physico-chemical Variables Bementioning

confidence: 99%

Links between estuarine condition and spatial distributions of marine invaders

Dafforn

Glasby

Johnston

2009

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim Non‐indigenous species pose a significant threat to the environment and to global economies. Predictive and preventative measures are widely considered more effective in curtailing invasions than are eradication or control measures. Of key importance in the prediction of regional invasion risk are the environmental conditions that enable successful establishment. Location We surveyed native and non‐indigenous sessile invertebrate diversity in each of two commercial (600–1500 vessels per year) and two recreational estuaries (seven to nine marinas) in New South Wales, Australia. Methods A nested hierarchical design was employed to investigate variation in sessile invertebrate diversity at the scales of site (1–3 km apart) and estuary (40–180 km apart). Settlement plates (15 × 15 cm) were used to sample invertebrates and background heavy metal loads were assessed using bioaccumulation in experimentally deployed oysters. Other physico‐chemical variables were monitored monthly. Manipulative experiments were used to test the direct effects of exposure to copper and tributyltin (TBT) antifouling paints on sessile invertebrates. Results Native and non‐indigenous species richness differed at various spatial scales, but showed no consistent difference between commercial and recreational estuaries. Instead, individual species distributions were strongly related to metal contamination, temperature, turbidity and pH. In experimental studies, several species (mostly invaders) were more abundant on plates exposed to copper and/or TBT antifouling paints. We found higher levels of copper (and in some instances TBT) in recreational marinas than in commercial harbours. Main conclusions Our results demonstrate the importance of metal pollution and physico‐chemical variables in the establishment of invaders in new regions. We have identified several native Australian species that have been exported overseas and suggested mechanisms contributing to their transport and establishment. Combining physico‐chemical information about donor and recipient regions with species tolerances could go some way to predicting where future invasions may occur.

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“…The oyster Saccostrea glomerata (diploid and triploid forms), which is cultivated commercially along the NSW and Queensland coast, has been used extensively in Australia as a biomonitor of trace metal contamination. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] However, little attention has been given to understanding the intrinsic factors that affect trace metal accumulation and retention by these oysters and designing sampling programs to minimise variability due to these factors. This paper uses trace metal concentration measurements of oysters, undertaken over the last 20 years to examine the influence of mass, gender, age and within site variation on trace metal concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of the oyster Saccostrea glomerata as a biomonitor of trace metal contamination: intra-sample, local scale and temporal variability and its implications for biomonitoring

Robinson

Maher

Krikowa

et al. 2005

J. Environ. Monitor.

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Cu, Cd, Zn, Pb and Se concentrations were measured in the bivalve mollusc Saccostrea glomerata(Iredale and Roughly) from two uncontaminated locations, Clyde River Estuary, Batemans Bay and Moona Moona Creek, Jervis Bay, to determine natural variability of metals associated with mass, gender, age, tissue type and site within location. Trace metals were also measured in the Clyde River Estuary over an 11 year period and in five other NSW estuaries (Hastings River, Hunter River, Georges River, Tillgerry Creek and Lake Pambula) over a 13-month period to determine temporal variability and if diploid and triploid oysters accumulate trace metals differently. There were few significant relationships between trace metal concentrations and mass and no significant differences in trace metal concentrations between female and male oysters. Younger oysters (1.3 years) had significantly higher copper concentrations and higher trace metal variability than mature oysters (3 years). Different tissues have different trace metal concentrations with muscle tissues having lower concentrations. Considerable inherent variability occurs in oyster cohorts. Analysing specific tissues did not reduce variability of trace metal concentrations. Comparison of trace metal concentrations at two sites within the Clyde Estuary showed a significant difference in zinc concentrations. Cu, Cd, Zn and Se concentrations were generally higher and less variable in triploids than diploids. Pb had a variable pattern of accumulation with no consistent elevation in diploids or triploids. Inter annual variability of trace metal concentrations was considerable and trace metal concentrations also fluctuated throughout an annual cycle with no clear seasonal trends. Measurement of trace metals at known contaminated locations showed that Saccostrea glomerata accumulates metals in response to contamination. Saccostrea glomerata meet most of the requirements to be a biomonitor of trace metal contamination as they are abundant, sessile/sedentary, easy to identify, provide sufficient tissue for analysis, and accumulate trace metals in response to contamination. However, as trace metal concentrations can vary with mass, age, estuary position, ploidy type and temporally, care must be taken to collect individual organisms of similar mass, age and ploidy type to minimise variability, and from similar consistent positions and times to allow for seasonal changes in environmental conditions. Trace metal concentration variability is higher in young animals, thus to reduce variability, older mature animals could be selected. However, with immature oysters there are no complications because of the effects of spawning i.e. sudden loss of trace metals or body mass.

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Heavy metals, TBT and DDT in the Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea commercialis) sampled from the Hawkesbury River estuary, NSW, Australia

Cited by 33 publications

References 5 publications

Heavy metal concentrations of the soldier crab (Mictyris brevidactylus) along the inshore area of Changhua, Taiwan

Heavy metal concentrations of the soldier crab (Mictyris brevidactylus) along the inshore area of Changhua, Taiwan

Links between estuarine condition and spatial distributions of marine invaders

The use of the oyster Saccostrea glomerata as a biomonitor of trace metal contamination: intra-sample, local scale and temporal variability and its implications for biomonitoring

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