Help wanted: helper NLRs and plant immune responses

Jubic, Lance M.; Saile, Svenja C.; Furzer, Oliver J.; Kasmi, Farid El; Dangl, Jeffery L.

doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2019.03.013

Cited by 219 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(100 reference statements)

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“…In nature, plants are constantly exposed to a range of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, and viruses. In order to survive, plants evolved two layers of immune systems to recognize and fend off pathogens (Jones and Dangl 2006). As the first layer, the plasma membrane (PM)‐localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) sense the conserved microbe‐associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) or damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) (Wu and Zhou 2013; Tang et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant immune signaling: Advancing on two frontiers

Wang

Feng

Zhou

et al. 2020

JIPB

188

144

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Plants have evolved multiple defense strategies to cope with pathogens, among which plant immune signaling that relies on cell-surface localized and intracellular receptors takes fundamental roles. Exciting breakthroughs were made recently on the signaling mechanisms of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular nucleotide-binding site (NBS) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain receptors (NLRs). This review summarizes the current view of PRRs activation, emphasizing the most recent discoveries about PRRs' dynamic regulation and signaling mechanisms directly leading to downstream molecular events including mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation and calcium (Ca 2+ ) burst. Plants also have evolved intracellular NLRs to perceive the presence of specific pathogen effectors and trigger more robust immune responses. We also discuss the current understanding of the mechanisms of NLR activation, which has been greatly advanced by recent breakthroughs including structures of the first full-length plant NLR complex, findings of NLR sensor-helper pairs and novel biochemical activity of Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant immune signaling: Advancing on two frontiers

Wang

Feng

Zhou

et al. 2020

JIPB

188

144

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show abstract

“…(2) RPW8 could also be a decoy of effector targets. NRG1 and ADR1 are low copy number and are helper NLRs (Jubic et al, 2019). Their conserved RPW8 domain could in theory provide a potent effector target to suppress immunity mediated by multiple sensor NLRs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An rpw8 quadruple mutant of Arabidopsis Col-0 is partially compromised in bacterial and fungal resistance

Castel

Xiao

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…However, different from typical NLRs, which function primarily in racespecific resistance, RPW8/HR genes seem to be mostly involved in broad spectrum resistance Wang et al, 2007;Xiao et al, 2001). The CCR domain is predicted to be structurally related to portions of animal mixed-lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) and fungal HeLo and HeLo-like (HELL) domains, which share structures characterized by four-helix bundles (Bentham et al, 2018;Jubic et al, 2019). Similar to the fungal HeLo domain protein Het-S, RPW8/HR is predicted to have an N-terminal transmembrane domain, a central CCR /MLKL/HELL domain, as well as C-terminal repeats (Barragan et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oligomerization of NLR immune receptor RPP7 triggered by atypical resistance protein RPW8/HR as ligand

Li¹,

Habring²,

Wang³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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In certain plant hybrids, autoimmunity is triggered by immune components that interactin the absence of a pathogen trigger. Often, NLR immune receptors are involved, with a particularly interesting case in Arabidopsis thaliana involving variants of the NLR RPP7 as well as variants of RPW8/HR proteins, which are homologs of animal MLKL and fungal HELL domain proteins. We demonstrate that HR4 Fei-0 but not the closely related HR4 Col-0 protein directly disrupts intramolecular association of RPP7b Lerik1-3 , which in turn initiates P-loop dependent NLR signaling. In agreement, RPP7b Lerik1-3 forms a higher-order complex only in the presence of HR4 Fei-0 but not HR4 Col-0 . In addition, we find that HR4 Fei-0 on its own can form detergent-resistant oligomers suggestive of amyloid-like aggregates, which in turn can directly kill cells in an RPP7b Lerik1-3 -independent manner. Our work provides in vivo biochemical evidence for a plant resistosome complex and the mechanisms by which RPW8/HR proteins trigger cell death.

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Help wanted: helper NLRs and plant immune responses

Cited by 219 publications

References 87 publications

Plant immune signaling: Advancing on two frontiers

Plant immune signaling: Advancing on two frontiers

An rpw8 quadruple mutant of Arabidopsis Col-0 is partially compromised in bacterial and fungal resistance

Oligomerization of NLR immune receptor RPP7 triggered by atypical resistance protein RPW8/HR as ligand

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