Helper-like Innate Lymphoid Cells in Humans and Mice

Guia, Sophie; Narni-Mancinelli, Émilie

doi:10.1016/j.it.2020.03.002

Cited by 49 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 140 publications

(235 reference statements)

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“…Studies performed in different tissues allowed to establish that most murine ILC1 are CD127 + (IL-7Rα + ) and do not express the Eomes transcription factor, while murine trNK cells are CD127 − and depend on Eomes for their development. In addition, CD200R1 surface marker has been associated with ILC1 but not with NK cells ( 27 , 127 , 159 , 160 ). Finally, trNK cells display some cytotoxic capability thanks to the expression, albeit at low/moderate levels, of perforin and granzymes, whereas ILC1 (except for ieILC1) are non-cytotoxic cells.…”

Section: Natural Killer Cells In the Kidneymentioning

confidence: 97%

Recent Advances in the Role of Natural Killer Cells in Acute Kidney Injury

et al. 2020

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Growing evidence is revealing a central role for natural killer (NK) cells, cytotoxic cells belonging to the broad family of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), in acute and chronic forms of renal disease. NK cell effector functions include both the recognition and elimination of virus-infected and tumor cells and the capability of sensing pathogens through Toll-like receptor (TLR) engagement. Notably, they also display immune regulatory properties, exerted thanks to their ability to secrete cytokines/chemokines and to establish interactions with different innate and adaptive immune cells. Therefore, because of their multiple functions, NK cells may have a major pathogenic role in acute kidney injury (AKI), and a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving NK cell activation in AKI and their downstream interactions with intrinsic renal cells and infiltrating immune cells could help to identify new potential biomarkers and to select clinically valuable novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we discuss the current literature regarding the potential involvement of NK cells in AKI.

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Section: Natural Killer Cells In the Kidneymentioning

confidence: 97%

Recent Advances in the Role of Natural Killer Cells in Acute Kidney Injury

et al. 2020

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“…Studies with murine models have significantly contributed to the classification and understanding of the role of ILCs in the immune system, especially since similarities have been observed between ILCs identified in mice and humans 15 . However, the differences between these two species present real challenges 15,31 because human ILCs have unique attributes that are only now being elucidated, with further work required in this exciting field. The roles of ILCs in immunity and their cross talk with other components of the immune response await further analysis.…”

Section: Cell Subsetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ILC1s are dependent on the T-box transcription factor T-bet and produce interferon gamma (INF-γ), but they differ in the expression of eomesodermin transcription factor 13 . ILC1s express CD127 in humans and CD200R in mice, but the natural cytotoxicity receptor NKp46 (also known as NCR1) is expressed in both species 14 , 15 .…”

Section: New Findings In Fundamental Immunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…ILC2s constitute the most homogeneous class of ILCs; they are dependent on GATA3 and RORα, and they produce type 2 cytokines, mainly interleukin 5 (IL-5) and IL-13. ILC2s are involved in immune responses to parasite infection, and in humans, they express chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed in T H 2 cells (CRTH2) and high levels of CD161, whereas most mouse ILC2s express ST2 (a member of the IL-1 receptor family) 14 , 15 .…”

Section: New Findings In Fundamental Immunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both human and mouse ILC3s can produce granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), IL-17, and/or IL-22 16 , 17 . In humans, two major ILC3 subsets can be distinguished on the basis of the expression of the natural cytotoxicity receptor NKp44 (also known as NCR2) 14 , 15 . Both types can produce IL-17, but the production of IL-22 is mainly confined to NKp44 + ILC3s.…”

Section: New Findings In Fundamental Immunologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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The immune system is a fascinating world of cells, soluble factors, interacting cells, and tissues, all of which are interconnected. The highly complex nature of the immune system makes it difficult to view it as a whole, but researchers are now trying to put all the pieces of the puzzle together to obtain a more complete picture. The development of new specialized equipment and immunological techniques, genetic approaches, animal models, and a long list of monoclonal antibodies, among many other factors, are improving our knowledge of this sophisticated system. The different types of cell subsets, soluble factors, membrane molecules, and cell functionalities are some aspects that we are starting to understand, together with their roles in health, aging, and illness. This knowledge is filling many of the gaps, and in some cases, it has led to changes in our previous assumptions; e.g., adaptive immune cells were previously thought to be unique memory cells until trained innate immunity was observed, and several innate immune cells with features similar to those of cytokine-secreting T cells have been discovered. Moreover, we have improved our knowledge not only regarding immune-mediated illnesses and how the immune system works and interacts with other systems and components (such as the microbiome) but also in terms of ways to manipulate this system through immunotherapy. The development of different types of immunotherapies, including vaccines (prophylactic and therapeutic), and the use of pathogens, monoclonal antibodies, recombinant proteins, cytokines, and cellular immunotherapies, are changing the way in which we approach many diseases, especially cancer.

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Innate lymphoid cells and cancer: Role in tumor progression and inhibition

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Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), a critical component of the immune system, have recently been nominated as emerging players associated with tumor progression and inhibition. ILCs are classified into five groups: natural killer (NK) cells, ILC1s, ILC2s, ILC3s, and lymphoid tissue inducer (LTis) cells. NK cells and ILC1s are mainly involved in antitumor activities due to their cytotoxic and cytokine production capabilities, respectively. The current understanding of the heterogeneous behavior of ILC2s and ILC3s in tumors is limited and incomplete. Mostly, their dual roles are modulated by their resident tissues, released cytokines, cancer types, and plasticity. Based on overlap RORγt and cytokine expression, the LTi cells were previously considered part of the ILC3s ontogeny, which are essential for the formation of the secondary lymphoid organs during embryogenesis. Indeed, these facts highlight the urgency in understanding the respective mechanisms that shape the phenotypes and responses of ILCs, either on the repressive or proliferative side in the tumor microenvironment (TME). This review aims to provide an updated view of ILCs biology with respect to tumorigenesis, including a description of ILC plasticity, their interaction with other immune cells and communication with components of the TME. Taken together, targeting ILCs for cancer immunotherapy could be a promising approach against tumors that needs to be further study.

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Helper-like Innate Lymphoid Cells in Humans and Mice

Cited by 49 publications

References 140 publications

Recent Advances in the Role of Natural Killer Cells in Acute Kidney Injury

Recent Advances in the Role of Natural Killer Cells in Acute Kidney Injury

Human immunology and immunotherapy: main achievements and challenges

Innate lymphoid cells and cancer: Role in tumor progression and inhibition

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