Hematological and Biochemical Reference Values in Healthy Captive Tigers (Panthera tigris)

Proverbio, Daniela; Perego, Roberta; Baggiani, Luciana; Ravasio, Giuliano; Giambellini, Daniela; Spada, Eva

doi:10.3390/ani11123440

Cited by 4 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Clinically sick animals may pose a greater risk to humans since they are more likely to shed Salmonella at higher concentrations than healthy animals. On the other hand, asymptomatic carriers can shed Salmonella organisms for longer periods without being identified [ 15 ]. In addition, stress factors such as transportation, mixing or crowding, parturition, seasonality, concurrent viral or parasitic disease, sudden change of feed, or overfeeding can lead to an increase in the shedding load of Salmonella [ 40 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Shortly afterward, the subject presented severe neurological signs: seizures, head tremors, limb and neck hyperextension, with simultaneous emission of urine and feces. According to the most recent literature on hematological and biochemical reference values in healthy captive tigers ( Panthera tigris ) [ 15 ], leukocytosis (WBC: 22.68 × 10 3 /μL), thrombocytosis (PLT: 670 × 10 3 /μL), and mild regenerative anemia (RBC: 4.72 × 10 6 /μL; MCV: 70.4 fl, RDW: 21.1%) were recorded, whereas biochemical parameters were within the reference ranges. Upon admission, the patient was diagnosed with severe metabolic acidosis (PH 7.3 and hyperlactatemia at venous blood gas analysis), which initially improved with medical treatment.…”

Section: History and Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Salmonella enterica serotype Enteritidis ( Salmonella Enteritidis) is one of the commonest serotypes associated with foodborne illness [ 14 ]. However, infections are also acquired through direct or indirect animal contact in homes, veterinary clinics, zoological gardens, farm environments, or other public and private settings [ 13 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salmonella Enteritidis Fatal Septicemia with Meningoencephalitis in a Tiger (Panthera tigris) Cub

Mazzotta

Foiani

Benedictis

et al. 2022

Animals

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A 15-day-old, female, captive Panthera tigris cub was hospitalized after developing severe hyperthermia, depression, and lack of appetite. The clinical condition rapidly worsened, and the tiger cub died in 72 h after the onset of neurological symptoms, septic shock, and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. The postmortem main gross findings consisted of a severe and diffuse bilateral fibrino-suppurative meningoencephalitis and ventriculitis, mild fibrinous and sero-hemorrhagic polyserositis and cystitis, severe pulmonary edema, and hemorrhages. Microscopically, the meninges, ependyma, and choroid plexuses were diffusely expanded by abundant infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages, with multifocal fibrinous exudation. Histiocytic interstitial pneumonia, fibrinous and neutrophilic polyserositis, and pyelocystitis were also observed. Vascular thrombosis with multifocal vasculitis and vascular necrosis were frequently observed. Aerobic and anaerobic cultures performed on the brain, lungs, intestine, kidneys, and in pericardial effusion reported the presence of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis. Environmental and nutritional contamination were identified as putative sources of infections. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first report of Salmonella Enteritidis septicemia with meningoencephalitis in a tiger cub, which highlights the need to further investigate the cause of acute perinatal death to reduce the risk of infectious disease outbreaks.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: History and Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Salmonella Enteritidis Fatal Septicemia with Meningoencephalitis in a Tiger (Panthera tigris) Cub

Mazzotta

Foiani

Benedictis

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Less than 3500 tigers now live in the wild. This risky situation gives the health of each individual tiger the maximum importance, so health monitoring is vital (Proverbio et al, 2021). The health of different animals can be assessed through hematological and biochemical parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, reports on tigers' hematological and biochemical parameters are very limited (Liu et al, 2021). Because obtaining biological samples from free-living tigers is very difficult, therefore, the data obtained from captive tigers are very useful (Proverbio et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of General Health Status of Some Aged Tigresses at a Local Circus, Cairo, Egypt

Saad

YOUSSEFF²,

Salama

2023

Assiut Veterinary Medical Journal

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The present study was undertaken to evaluate the general health status of three aged female tigers around 20 years old at a local circus in Egypt for the first time. Tigers (Panthera tigris) are one of the largest Felidae species, which are classified as Endangered species. Blood and fecal samples were collected for hematological and biochemical analysis, parasitological and bacteriological examination. The hematological results revealed macrocytic normochromic anemia and non-significant changes in leucocyte and differential leucocytic count. The biochemical analysis showed a normal level of liver enzymes. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA), chloride (Cl-), and cholesterol were higher than normal. On the other hand, normal Glucose (GLU), Calcium (Ca), Phosphate (PHOS), Sodium (Na+), and Potassium (K+) were observed. In addition, low levels of total carbon dioxide (tCo2) and platelets. The parasitological examination of fecal samples was negative, and tigresses were free from any external or internal parasitic infestation. Advanced studies are required to cover the complete picture of tiger status in captivity.

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Determination of hematological and biochemical values blood parameters for European bison (Bison bonasus)

Didkowska,

Klich,

Anusz

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

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Hematological and biochemical blood parameters are important tools for evaluating animals’ health. They might be crucial in assessing the health of entire populations of wild animals, such as European bison (Bison bonasus). The aim of this study was to establish hematological and biochemical values for healthy European bison and to determine whether there were significant relations with age and sex. Blood samples were collected from 79 animals and tested according to generally accepted standards and the results were subjected to statistical analysis. Most of the age and gender-related correlations found in our study were predictable based on previous reports. Due to bone growth, juvenile animals have typically higher ALP and P concentrations relative to adults. Several age-related dependencies were surprising, like higher Na concentration in younger European bison. Determination of hematological and biochemical blood parameters of healthy European bison may significantly contribute to the further restitution of this endangered species.

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Hematological and Biochemical Reference Values in Healthy Captive Tigers (Panthera tigris)

Cited by 4 publications

References 29 publications

Salmonella Enteritidis Fatal Septicemia with Meningoencephalitis in a Tiger (Panthera tigris) Cub

Salmonella Enteritidis Fatal Septicemia with Meningoencephalitis in a Tiger (Panthera tigris) Cub

Evaluation of General Health Status of Some Aged Tigresses at a Local Circus, Cairo, Egypt

Determination of hematological and biochemical values blood parameters for European bison (Bison bonasus)

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