Hematological and histopathological changes in medular aplasia resulting from Ehrlichia canis infection in a Border collie dog

Abstract

The Canine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis (CME) is an infectious disease that commonly affects dogs of all breeds and ages. It is caused by the bacterium Ehrlichia canis and is transmitted by the tick Rhipicephalus sanguineus. The disease may pre-sent itself in the acute, subclinical, and chronic forms. The present study reports the case of a 2-year-old male Border Collie with advanced stage CME, attended at the Pet Clinic of the Veterinary Hospital of the University Federal de Jataí, which resul-ted in medullary aplasia. The diagnosis of marrow aplasia was based on the necroscopic and histopathological examinations. At necropsy, the diaphyses of the long bones were filled with diffuse, strongly whitish and pasty tissue, typical of the adipose tissue, also found in the femoral epiphyses. The histopathology showed unilocular adipose tissue as the major constituent of the bone marrow and rare islands of marrow cells. These findings were compatible with severe hypoplasia of the red bone mar-row and hyperplasia of the white bone marrow, affecting hematopoiesis, resulting in the laboratory alterations observed in the hematocrit, WBC, and plateletogram.

Aplastic anaemia treated using eltrombopag in a dog

“…17 IAA is considered one of the most frequent causes of AA in dogs. 18 Other causes of AA are infectious agents (parvovirus, 19 Ehrlichia canis, 20 Leishmania spp. 21 ), certain drugs (antineoplastics, estrogens, phenylbutazone, meclofenamic acid, carprofen, azathioprine, naproxen, chloramphenicol, cephalosporin, sulphonamides, phenobarbital, phenytoin, levamisole, albendazole, metronidazole, fenbendazole, amitraz, amiodarone, captopril, quinidine gluconate, acetaminophen, aspirin, phenacetin, benzocaine, methylene blue, diphenylhydrazine, human erythropoietin/darbepoetin, mitotane, colchicine), 22 heavy metals intoxication (lead, mercury, arsenic) 22 and radiation.…”

“…IAA is considered one of the most frequent causes of AA in dogs 18 . Other causes of AA are infectious agents (parvovirus, 19 Ehrlichia canis , 20 Leishmania spp 21 22 heavy metals intoxication (lead, mercury, arsenic) 22 and radiation 17 .…”

Indicaciones para la evaluación morfológica de la médula ósea en caninos y felinos: revisión de la literatura

“…Usualmente, la infección se refleja con pancitopenia o bicitopenia en sangre periférica, manifestaciones que requieren la evaluación de la médula ósea para su estudio. Se han descrito hipoplasia, disminución en el índice mieloide eritroide, reducción marcada de tejido hematopoyético y aumento en el número de adipocitos (Holanda et al 2019;Mylonakis et al 2010;Neves et al 2021). En menor medida, se ha reportado el hallazgo de bacterias del género Mycobacterium en aspirados de médula ósea de caninos y felinos con cuadros clínicos inespecíficos (Campora et al 2011;Latimer et al 1997;O'Toole et al 2005).…”