Hematology as a diagnostic tool in bovine medicine

Roland, Leonie; Drillich, M.; Iwersen, M.

doi:10.1177/1040638714546490

Cited by 306 publications

(319 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Leucocytosis and left shift are common symptoms in sepsis and generally indicate poor prognosis when coupled with severe leucocytosis or leucopenia (Munford 2005;Irmak et al 2006;Tornquist and Rigas 2010;Basoglu et al 2014;Roland et al 2014). In the present study, it was determined that individual total WBC counts of the calves in G1 were above or below the mean level of G2 and the mean level of G1 was significantly higher (P < 0.01) than that of G2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

“…In the G1-NS group, three calves had severe leucopenia (< 3.5 × 10 3 /μl) and three of them severe leukocytosis (> 33 × 10 3 /μl). In ruminants, neutropenia occurs during the first one or two days of severe acute inflammatory conditions such as sepsis, and the number of neutrophils rarely exceeds 30 × 10 3 /μl (Tornquist and Rigas 2010;Roland et al 2014). Persisting neutropenia, severe persistent leucocytosis or a degenerative left shift indicate a guarded or poor prognosis (Roland et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 as diagnostic biomarkers in calves with sepsis

Aygun¹,

Yıldız²

2018

Vet. Med.

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Early diagnosis and treatment of sepsis in patients are crucial for their survival and can help reduce mortality rates. Novel biomarkers, such as thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3, have been used as diagnostic, prognostic and mortality indicators in patients with sepsis. Plasma thrombomodulin is a vascular endothelial membrane-bound glycoprotein and pentraxin-3 is an acute-phase protein. In the present study, thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 levels were determined in calves with sepsis, to determine their diagnostic values as well as usefulness as indicators of health status. To this end, 20 neonatal calves with sepsis (G1) and ten healthy neonatal calves (G2) were used. Additionally, group G1 was also divided into two groups consisting of surviving (G1-S; n = 9) and non-surviving calves (G1-NS; n = 11). A single blood sample was collected from all the calves and the prepared serum samples were used to measure thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 levels using bovine-specific ELISA kits. The serum concentrations of thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 were found to be significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the G1 group than in G2. Thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 levels were also found to be higher in the G1-NS group than in G1-S but the difference was not significant. We conclude that thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 may have some diagnostic value in calves with sepsis. Furthermore, these findings may also help in understanding the pathogenesis of sepsis in neonatal calves. Further studies are required to determine the importance of thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers in calves with sepsis and to evaluate the concentrations of these biomarkers also in other disease states.Keywords: haematology; leucocytosis; biomarker; acute-phase protein; neonatal calves List of abbreviations CRP = C-reactive protein, CRT = capillary refill time, DIC = disseminated intravascular coagulation, GRA = granulocyte, HCT = haematocrit, MAP = mean arterial pressure, PLT = platelet, PTX3 = pentraxin-3, RBC = red blood cell, SEM = standard error of the mean, SpO 2 = peripheral oxygen saturation, TLR = toll-like receptor, TM = thrombomodulin, WBC = white blood cell

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 as diagnostic biomarkers in calves with sepsis

Aygun¹,

Yıldız²

2018

Vet. Med.

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“…A change in blood cell composition indicates a response to restore homeostasis in animals exposed to abrupt physical conditions (Radostits et al 1994). Parameters related to red blood cells provide information on anemia (Jones & Allison 2007) or hemorrhaging (Roland et al 2014), while the evaluation of leukogram is related to a common acute inflammatory state in adult cattle (Stockham & Scott 2013). Changes in the populations of WBC types in response to stressors, and in particular how the cortisol milieu of the blood can influence neutrophil development and immunityrelated activities, have been studied in bovine (Burton et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of abrupt housing changes on the welfare of Piedmontese cows

Tarantola

Valle

Marco

et al. 2016

Italian Journal of Animal Science

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The Italian Piedmontese cattle breed is traditionally housed in tie-stalls and, to a lesser extent, in loose housing systems with free stalls. The present study has compared the same group of 15 cattle before and after stable renovation (tie-stall vs free-stall housing) funded by Regulation (EU) No. 1305/2013. All the animals remained healthy during the trial, no clinical signs were observed and no mastitis occurred. The tested parameters were: locomotion scoring system, salivary cortisol, blood parameters, serum acute phase protein (albumin, haptoglobin, serum amyloid A and lysozyme). Samples were collected 3 times: before the change (T1), 3 days later (T2), 40 days later (T3). The change in housing determined noteworthy variations in the stress parameters: albumin and total protein displayed the lowest value at T2, while lysozyme displayed the lowest value at T3. Among the App, SAA and Hp were not affected by the sampling time. Salivary cortisol displayed the highest value at T1. This study suggests that tie-stall housing can endanger the welfare of animals, and it is hoped that this farming system will be abandoned in the future. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Owing to the recent advances in hematology technologies, compact and portable (in-house) blood analyzers are currently available in clinical veterinary settings. 3 However, such systems require expensive analytical cartridges with short shelf lives that only operate reliably at a constant temperature or refrigerated storage. As a result, only veterinary research centers and hospitals are able to purchase, operate, and maintain these systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward laboratory blood test-comparable photometric assessments for anemia in veterinary hematology

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Anemia associated with intestinal parasites and malnutrition is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in small ruminants worldwide. Qualitative scoring of conjunctival redness has been developed so that farmers can gauge anemia in sheep and goats to identify animals that require treatment. For clinically relevant anemia diagnosis, complete blood count-comparable quantitative methods often rely on complicated and expensive optical instruments, requiring detailed spectral information of hemoglobin. We report experimental and numerical results for simple, yet reliable, noninvasive hemoglobin detection that can be correlated with laboratory-based blood hemoglobin testing for anemia diagnosis. In our pilot animal study using calves, we exploit the third eyelid (i.e., palpebral conjunctiva) as an effective sensing site. To further test spectrometerfree (or spectrometerless) hemoglobin assessments, we implement full spectral reconstruction from RGB data and partial least square regression. The unique combination of RGB-based spectral reconstruction and partial least square regression could potentially offer uncomplicated instrumentation and avoid the use of a spectrometer, which is vital for realizing a compact and inexpensive hematology device for quantitative anemia detection in the farm field.

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Hematology as a diagnostic tool in bovine medicine

Cited by 306 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation of thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 as diagnostic biomarkers in calves with sepsis

Evaluation of thrombomodulin and pentraxin-3 as diagnostic biomarkers in calves with sepsis

Effects of abrupt housing changes on the welfare of Piedmontese cows

Toward laboratory blood test-comparable photometric assessments for anemia in veterinary hematology

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