Hemoptisis como forma de presentación de estenosis de las venas pulmonares secundaria a ablación por radiofrecuencia de la fibrilación auricular

An unusual case of acute respiratory failure in a patient with pulmonary veins stenosis late after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: a case report and the review of the literature

“…The congenital form is linked almost completely to congenital heart diseases and inadequate embryological cardiovascular connections, and evidences in childhood [ 6 ]. In adults, the pathology is even rarer, but approximately 15 years ago it appears in literature as a consequence of catheter ablation strategies for arrhythmias [ 6 , 7 ], arising a bimodal age distribution [ 6 ].…”

“…Haemoptysis, the main symptom described in our case report, is relatively infrequent [ 3 , 7 ]. Its etiopathogenesis has not yet been clarified, but the increase in venous pressure in the pre-stenotic zone could explain the lung tissue congestion and the risk of bleeding in this area [ 8 ].…”

“…Our case report suggests that even an ARF associated with nearly “normal” data of respiratory mechanics should imply a CT angiography and, to a lesser extent, Magnetic Resonance (MR) [ 11 , 12 ] in order to exclude PVS. Indeed common radiological imaging (Chest X-ray or CT) is often irrelevant [ 7 , 13 ]. Consequently, echocardiography should be routinely performed after AF ablation, because of the good feasibility, and the overall benefits in a population with increased risk of PVS development [ 6 , 14 ].…”