Hemoptysis. Is it caused by Pasteurella multocida infection or congenital pulmonary artery anomalies?

Abstract

Introduction Pasteurella multocida colonizes the oropharynx of various domestic and wild animals. In humans, respiratory tract P. multocida infection is the second most frequent localization and usually manifests as pneumonia. Unilateral absence of pulmonary artery (UAPA) is a very rare congenital anomaly. Adult patients with UAPA are usually asymptomatic or their symptoms are nonspecific. Case report We report a female patient with hemoptysis admitted to our clinic where we isolated P. multocida in sputum. The organism was also isolated from nasopharyngeal swab of her dog. During hospitalization, she was also diagnosed with UAPA and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Discussion Respiratory P. multocida infection develops more commonly through contact with animal secretions. It occurs most often in immunocompromised patients and in individuals with comorbidities. Hemoptysis very rarely follows P. multocida infection while it is common in cases of UAPA due to existing developed collateral circulation especially in older patients.Conclusions Ceased hemoptysis after adequate treatment and no recurrence of it over six years of following up the patient led us to conclude that the cause of hemoptysis was P. multocida infection and not UAPA which was more likely to be the case.

A Rare Case of Bacteremic Community-Acquired Pneumonia Due to Pasteurella Multocida Presenting With Hemoptysis

“…Pasteurella multocida is a highly versatile gram-negative coccobacillus capable of causing infections in a wide range of domestic and wild animals as well as in humans [ 1 , 5 ]. Infections are most commonly transmitted by dogs and cats, as 70-90% of cats and 20-50% of dogs are colonized by Pasteurella multocida [ 2 , 6 ]. In general, these animal bites or scratch wound infections account for roughly 300,000 (1%) of all emergency department visits per year in the United States [ 6 , 7 ].…”

“…Pasteurella infections should be considered in those who have recurrent animal exposures such as veterinarians, butchers, animal breeders, farm and zoo workers. Moreover, pet owners are at increased risk of carriage or infection [ 2 ]. This organism grows in various commercial mediums, sheep blood being the preferred culture medium, followed by chocolate agar, Mueller-Hinton agar but not in MacConkey agar [ 2 ].…”

“…Moreover, pet owners are at increased risk of carriage or infection [ 2 ]. This organism grows in various commercial mediums, sheep blood being the preferred culture medium, followed by chocolate agar, Mueller-Hinton agar but not in MacConkey agar [ 2 ]. Regarding treatment, penicillin was found to be effective, and the treatment duration depends on disease severity, and antibiotic duration for 10-14 days is recommended [ 1 ].…”

“…Pasteurella multocida (PM) is a gram-negative coccobacillus that colonizes the oropharynx and gastrointestinal tract of many wild and domestic mammals especially cats and dogs [ 1 , 2 ]. The most common human infections reported and known are those of soft tissue and skin infections from animal bites and scratches [ 2 ]. In patients with underlying lung disease, it can cause a variety of upper and lower respiratory tract infections, as PM also colonizes the respiratory tract [ 3 ].…”

Airway inflammation in patients with bronchiectasis

“…U fiziološkim uslovima, ćelije imaju mehanizme za odbranu protiv slobodnih radikala. Endogeni odbrambeni mehanizmi su: metalni helatni proteini endogene antioksidativne enzimske katalaze (CAT), glutation peroksidaze (GPKS ) i superoksid dismutaze (SOD) [34].…”