Heparin and Its Derivatives: Challenges and Advances in Therapeutic Biomolecules

Banik, Nipa; Yang, Seong-Bin; Kang, Tae-Bong; Lim, Ji-Hong; Park, Jooho

doi:10.3390/ijms221910524

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 130 publications

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“…Heparin is widely used as an anticoagulant and antithrombotic agent. In addition, heparin also has antitumor, anti-inflammatory, tissue-protective, and antiviral effects [25,26,80]. In the 1990s, the potential of heparin to inhibit HIV was investigated following a report of HSV inhibition [126].…”

Section: Antiviral Activities Of Polysaccharides That Have Animal Ori...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some of them provide a pharmacological activity that is different from that of the antiviral. For example, heparin is an important medicine that is used as an anticoagulant [25,26]. Researchers have proven that the antiviral activity of polysaccharides is associated with their anionic groups, and particularly with their sulfate groups [27][28][29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Molecules

Claus-Desbonnet

Nikly

Nalbantova

et al. 2022

Viruses

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In the current context of the COVID-19 pandemic, it appears that our scientific resources and the medical community are not sufficiently developed to combat rapid viral spread all over the world. A number of viruses causing epidemics have already disseminated across the world in the last few years, such as the dengue or chinkungunya virus, the Ebola virus, and other coronavirus families such as Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV). The outbreaks of these infectious diseases have demonstrated the difficulty of treating an epidemic before the creation of vaccine. Different antiviral drugs already exist. However, several of them cause side effects or have lost their efficiency because of virus mutations. It is essential to develop new antiviral strategies, but ones that rely on more natural compounds to decrease the secondary effects. Polysaccharides, which have come to be known in recent years for their medicinal properties, including antiviral activities, are an excellent alternative. They are essential for the metabolism of plants, microorganisms, and animals, and are directly extractible. Polysaccharides have attracted more and more attention due to their therapeutic properties, low toxicity, and availability, and seem to be attractive candidates as antiviral drugs of tomorrow.

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Section: Antiviral Activities Of Polysaccharides That Have Animal Ori...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Molecules

Claus-Desbonnet

Nikly

Nalbantova

et al. 2022

Viruses

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“…Heparin is a linear, sulfated glycosaminoglycan produced by mast cells, having repeating monomeric disaccharides of uronic acid and glucosamine in a 1,4-linkage, and with a three-dimensional structure in a helical form [ 85 , 86 ]. Heparin is used as an anticoagulant agent, administrated to prevent dialyzer and circuit clotting [ 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 ]. Heparin is used worldwide and is approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism [ 86 , 89 ].…”

Section: Polysulfone Functionalized Membranes For Hemodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Heparin is used as an anticoagulant agent, administrated to prevent dialyzer and circuit clotting [ 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 ]. Heparin is used worldwide and is approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism [ 86 , 89 ].…”

Section: Polysulfone Functionalized Membranes For Hemodialysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalized Hemodialysis Polysulfone Membranes with Improved Hemocompatibility

Radu

Voicu

2022

Polymers

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The field of membrane materials is one of the most dynamic due to the continuously changing requirements regarding the selectivity and the upgradation of the materials developed with the constantly changing needs. Two membrane processes are essential at present, not for development, but for everyday life—desalination and hemodialysis. Hemodialysis has preserved life and increased life expectancy over the past 60–70 years for tens of millions of people with chronic kidney dysfunction. In addition to the challenges related to the efficiency and separative properties of the membranes, the biggest challenge remained and still remains the assurance of hemocompatibility—not affecting the blood during its recirculation outside the body for 4 h once every two days. This review presents the latest research carried out in the field of functionalization of polysulfone membranes (the most used polymer in the preparation of membranes for hemodialysis) with the purpose of increasing the hemocompatibility and efficiency of the separation process itself with a decreasing impact on the body.

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“…Currently, heparins used in bone tissue engineering mainly include UFH, LMWH, and HS. They exhibit similar biological properties, such as the storage and release of GFs although their chemical structures are different ( Banik et al, 2021 ). Among them, LMWH is a popular choice in bone tissue engineering because of its excellent efficacy, reduced side effects, and optimized molecular size.…”

Section: Heparin In Biomaterials Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Auxiliary Role of Heparin in Bone Regeneration and its Application in Bone Substitute Materials

Wang

Xiao

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Bone regeneration in large segmental defects depends on the action of osteoblasts and the ingrowth of new blood vessels. Therefore, it is important to promote the release of osteogenic/angiogenic growth factors. Since the discovery of heparin, its anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer functions have been extensively studied for over a century. Although the application of heparin is widely used in the orthopedic field, its auxiliary effect on bone regeneration is yet to be unveiled. Specifically, approximately one-third of the transforming growth factor (TGF) superfamily is bound to heparin and heparan sulfate, among which TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) are the most common growth factors used. In addition, heparin can also improve the delivery and retention of BMP-2 in vivo promoting the healing of large bone defects at hyper physiological doses. In blood vessel formation, heparin still plays an integral part of fracture healing by cooperating with the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Importantly, since heparin binds to growth factors and release components in nanomaterials, it can significantly facilitate the controlled release and retention of growth factors [such as fibroblast growth factor (FGF), BMP, and PDGF] in vivo. Consequently, the knowledge of scaffolds or delivery systems composed of heparin and different biomaterials (including organic, inorganic, metal, and natural polymers) is vital for material-guided bone regeneration research. This study systematically reviews the structural properties and auxiliary functions of heparin, with an emphasis on bone regeneration and its application in biomaterials under physiological conditions.

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Heparin and Its Derivatives: Challenges and Advances in Therapeutic Biomolecules

Cited by 25 publications

References 130 publications

Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Molecules

Polysaccharides and Their Derivatives as Potential Antiviral Molecules

Functionalized Hemodialysis Polysulfone Membranes with Improved Hemocompatibility

The Auxiliary Role of Heparin in Bone Regeneration and its Application in Bone Substitute Materials

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