Hepatitis B virus genotypes among chronic hepatitis B patients from Baghdad, Iraq and their impact on liver function

Mohsen, Rana T.; Al-azzawi, Raghad H.; Ad’hiah, Ali H.

doi:10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100548

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…This study is a part of a larger project, the first part of which included the study of hepatitis B virus genotypes by the analysis of HBV-DNA, where the PCR products revealed six genotypes (A, B, C, D, E and F) which showed different frequencies in HBV patients [18] . The current study of serum assessments for anti-HBc IgM, -HBc IgG and -HbsAg antibodies revealed that all HBV patients were seropositive for anti-HBc IgG and -HbsAg antibodies, while they were seronegative for anti-HBc IgM antibody.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Level of Interleukin-35 in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Al-azzawi

Mohsen

Ad’hiah

2020

eijs

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Interleukin-35 (IL-35) is a new member of IL-12 family of cytokines, and its role in pathogenesis of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been recently suggested. Accordingly, a case-control study was conducted during June - October 2018 to determine IL-35 serum level in Iraqi patients with chronic HBV infection. The results revealed that IL-35 level was significantly decreased in patients as compared to control (163 vs. 301 pg/ml; p < 0.001). However, such decreased level was more pronounced in patients at the age groups < 40 and 40 – 50 years (165 and 145 pg/ml, respectively) as compared to the corresponding age groups in control (482 and 234 pg/ml, respectively). In the case of gender groups, both male and female patients showed a significantly decreased level of IL-35 compared to the corresponding control groups (163 and 163 vs. 306 and 297 pg/ml; p = 0.004 and 0.001, respectively). Distributing HBV patients and control according to medians of IL-35 (≤ median and > median) revealed that 67.5% of patients had ≤ median compared to 35.4% among control. Such difference was significant (p < 0.001), with a scored odds ratio (OR) of 3.79. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis revealed that the decreased level of IL-35 occupied an area under curve (AUC) of 0.710, which was highly significant (p < 0.001). At a cut-value of 188 pg/ml or lower, the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were 67.7 and 66.2%, respectively. In conclusion, these results confirmed the role of IL-35 in the pathogenesis of HBV

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum Level of Interleukin-35 in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Al-azzawi

Mohsen

Ad’hiah

2020

eijs

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“…All the patients were positive for only genotype D. Our results differ from those of previous Iraqi studies; in 2013, researchers genotyped four HBV-positive specimens in Sulaimaniyah city and found mixed genotypes (A+B+C+D) in all of the samples ( Rashid & Salih, 2015 ). In addition, a further study discovered six distinct genotypes (A-F) with varying degrees of mixed infection prevalent among Iraqi HBV patients in the Baghdad Province of Iraq ( Mohsen, Al-azzawi & Ad’hiah, 2019 ). Further analysis in Iraq’s Samaara provinces identified a single infection with HBV genotypes A-F and a mixed infection with HBV genotypes C and F ( Abdulrazaq & AL-Azaawie, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq

Abdulqadir

Rashid

Hussain

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes are distributed unevenly throughout the world’s regions. The researchers’ goal in this study was to find out which HBV genotypes are now prevalent in the blood of chronic HBV patients in Iraq’s Kurdistan Region’s Sulaimaniyah governorate. Methods Genotyping was carried out utilizing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) type-specified primers. Thirty-three chronic HBV patients were included in the HBV genotyping assay. Phylogenic trees of Pre-S1/Pre S2/S genes’ nucleotide sequences were constructed using 36 HBV isolates. Results All the patients had HBV genotype D. Additionally, two samples were further analyzed by sequencing and deposited in GenBank as HBV/Sul-1/2021 accession numbers MZ077051 and HBV/Sul-2/2021 accession numbers MZ077052. Phylogenic analysis indicated that the HBV isolates belong to sub-genotype D1/serotype ayw2. The HBV/Sul-2/2021 had two sequence deletion mutations from G61del-T87del, which accounted for 27 amino acid deletions, and ten other mutations were identified in the carboxylic terminus of the pre-S1 from Q104del-R113del. Accordingly, 37 amino acids were deleted in the S promoter region. Several other substitution mutations were recorded in both HBV isolates. Conclusion Patients with chronic HBV were found to have the HBV sub-genotype D1/subtype ayw2 with no mixed genotypes. HBV/Sul-1/2022, a new strain with a 37-amino acid mutation, was found to be distinct from any previously known HBV isolates.

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“…These results are not matched with those in Sulaimania, Iraq, where they reported that 100% of samples had mixed genotypes (25% with B,C,D genotypes and 75% with A,B,C,D genotypes) (15) . In Baghdad, one study reported that genotype D contributes to 80% of the infection, which is the most prevalent in CHB patients, and mixed genotypes F and D contribute to 20% of the infection (16) . These findings disagreed with Ali et al (17) in Wasit (Iraq) who reported that there was no single HBV genotype infection and that 77.7% of their patients had mixed infection with five genotypes out of six.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes and Pre-core and Core Genes Mutations in a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

Hussain,

Al-Shuwaikh,

Ahmed

2022

IraqiJMS

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Background: Genomic studies of hepatitis B virus (HBV) diversity are becoming increasingly significant to understand how HBV mutations interact with a wide spectrum of clinical and pathological disorders. Objective: This study focused on identifying HBV genotypes and determining the status of pre-core (PC) and core promoter (CP) mutants. Methods: Nested polymerase chain reaction was used to identify the viral genotypes of 100 patients with chronic HBV infection. Only 30 samples out of 100 were selected to determine the prevalence of mutations in the PC and CP by Sanger sequencing. Results: Over 95% of the samples had only D genotype and mixed genotypes 5% (B+C+D) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. G1898A, G1901A, G1910A and G1915A mutations in PC gene were found in total 15 out of 30 (50%) samples, which were distributed in the following proportions: 12 out of 25 (48%) in patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) -ve, 8 samples with mutants at G1898A, G1901A, G1910A and G1915A (four mutations), 4 samples with mutants at G1898A, G 1901A and G1910A (three mutations). In addition, 3 out of 5 (60%) in patients with HBeAg +ve, while no type of any mutation was detected in the core gene in patients with chronic hepatitis type B. Conclusion: The genotype D was predominantly prevalent among HBV in CHB patients with 95% and with 5% in mixed genotypes (B+C+D), while genotype B and C were relatively less prevalent among CHB patients than genotype D. The mutations were found in the PC gene at nucleotides G1898A, G1901A, G1910A and G1915A, while no type of mutation was detected in the core gene. Keywords: Genotypes, pre-core mutation, core mutation, HBV Citation: Hussain HT, Al-Shuwaikh AM, Ahmed AM. Hepatitis B virus genotypes and pre-core and core genes mutations in a sample of Iraqi patients with chronic hepatitis B Infection. Iraqi JMS. 2022; 20(2): 217-225. doi: 10.22578/IJMS.20.2.8

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Hepatitis B virus genotypes among chronic hepatitis B patients from Baghdad, Iraq and their impact on liver function

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

Serum Level of Interleukin-35 in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Serum Level of Interleukin-35 in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Genetic characterization of hepatitis B virus genotypes among patients with chronic infection in Sulaimaniyah city, Iraq

Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes and Pre-core and Core Genes Mutations in a Sample of Iraqi Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Infection

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