Hepatitis B Virus positive (HBsAg positive) among the blood donors attended at transfusion medicine department, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh: a one year study

Karim, Shanaz; Begum, Hussne Ara; Begum, Hosne Ara; Hoque, Ehteshamul; Hoque, M M; Islam, Kashfia; Alam, Arshad; Sarkar, Prodip Kumar

doi:10.3329/jdmc.v22i2.21528

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…If accurate, studies based on this population would underrepresent the prevalence in the general population. Our analysis of the relevant published literature in Bangladesh [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ] suggests this latter trend, since with three exceptions, reported prevalence among voluntary blood donors is confined between 0.83% to 1.77% ( Figure 2 ). This range of values is lower than almost all of the prevalence data reported in otherwise healthy populations ( Figure 1 ).…”

Section: Hepatitis B Virus In the General Populationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Bangladesh: Prevalence among General Population, Risk Groups and Genotype Distribution

uz-Zaman

Rahman

Yasmin

2018

Genes

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Despite a considerable body of published research on hepatitis B in Bangladesh, researchers continue to lament the lack of reliable information about hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection epidemiology. The present review aims to provide a comprehensive survey of the literature with particular focus on a number of epidemiological questions, as well as a commentary on the trends of hepatitis B research as it has taken place in Bangladesh. The key themes to emerge from this review are: first, beyond noting a declining trend, it is difficult to provide conclusive estimates about HBV prevalence in the general population of Bangladesh. The majority of the studies, even the ones conducted on apparently healthy populations, fail to be adequately representative for the reasons explored in the article. Secondly, HBV infection in Bangladesh is sharply stratified across sociodemographic lines, which speaks to the role of awareness and risk exposure in HBV prevalence. Third, more research on occult infection rates is required to estimate the extent of risk posed by the current blood donation screening program, which relies exclusively on hepatitis B surface antigen as a biomarker. The same considerations apply for the comparative importance of vertical versus horizontal transmission and prevalence among particular risk groups like healthcare workers with high occupational exposure. Finally, while recent studies do allow us, albeit with some ambiguity, to draw conclusions about distribution of HBV genotypes in Bangladesh, there needs to be an added emphasis on molecular epidemiology. It is hoped that the present review, the first of its kind in Bangladesh, will serve as an up-to-date summary of the course HBV epidemiology research in Bangladesh has taken thus far, as well as crucial gaps to address going forward.

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Section: Hepatitis B Virus In the General Populationmentioning

confidence: 71%

Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Bangladesh: Prevalence among General Population, Risk Groups and Genotype Distribution

uz-Zaman

Rahman

Yasmin

2018

Genes

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“…Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) is a damage or injury response caused due to intake of medication [3]. The ADRs may arise after administration of a single dose, or long-term administration of any drug or consequence of the administration of two or more drugs as a combination product or separately [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adverse Drug Reactions and Pharmacovigilance

Amran¹

2021

New Insights Into the Future of Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety

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The discovery of a new drug usually takes 10-15 years. Within this time period, the candidate drug is thoroughly screened for its beneficial as well as side effects. But the side, adverse or toxic effects cannot be detected to a full scale due to some special reasons. The beneficial effects and toxicity of new drugs and vaccines are usually studied by “Clinical trials”, which are divided into four categories ranging from clinical trial phases I to IV. During clinical trial phase-III, about 4,000-10,000 patients are involved and after passing this phase, the drug is allowed to enter into the global market. Then, billions of people, including those who were excluded in phase-III, may be administered with this drug. It is worthy to mention that these 4,000-10,000 patients may not show many of the side effects or toxic actions. The undetected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are studied in clinical trial phase-IV, which is also known as post market surveillance. For this reason, the ADRs are compared with the tip of the iceberg, as it indicates the minor part of a major event. This phenomenon gave birth to a new branch of the pharmacology known as Pharmacovigilance.

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Hepatitis B Virus positive (HBsAg positive) among the blood donors attended at transfusion medicine department, Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh: a one year study

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Bangladesh: Prevalence among General Population, Risk Groups and Genotype Distribution

Epidemiology of Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Bangladesh: Prevalence among General Population, Risk Groups and Genotype Distribution

Adverse Drug Reactions and Pharmacovigilance

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