Hepatitis C in Hiv–Infected Patients With and Without Aids: Prevalence and Relationship to Patient Survival

Wright, Teresa L.; Hollander, Harry; Xiang, Ping; Held, Matthew A.; Lipson, Peter; Quan, Stella; Polito, A.; Thaler, Michael; Bacchetti, Peter; Scharschmidt, Bruce F.

doi:10.1002/hep.1840200508

Cited by 126 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Some studies prior to the advent of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) suggested that survival and progression to AIDS were the same in patients with HCV/ HIV co-infection as in those with HIV alone [14][15][16], while others suggested an adverse effect [11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. In the pre-HAART era, HCV infection was deemed an irrelevance as it was HIV that affected morbidity and mortality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the allostimulatory function of dendritic cells from HCV-HIV-1 co-infected patients

et al. 2004

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There is increasing recognition of the potential morbidity and mortality associated with HIV-1 and hepatitis C (HCV) co-infection. HIV appears to adversely affect HCV disease while the reciprocal effect of HCV on HIV remains controversial. We therefore studied the effect of co-infection on dendritic cell function versus HIV infection alone, as previous work has shown that HCV impairs dendritic cell (DC) function. HIV-1 positive individuals with HCV were matched for CD4 count, HIV-1 RNA viral load and therapy, to HIV-1 positive patients without HCV. Monocyte-derived DC were generated and mixed leukocyte reactions were performed. We assessed allostimulatory capacity with and without administration of exogenous Th1 cytokines, using thymidine uptake and cell division analyses with the vital dye CFSE. We found that monocyte-derived DC from co-infected individuals showed no significant differences in allostimulatory capacity to ex vivo generated DC from HIV-1 infected individuals without HCV. Unlike the situation with HCV infection alone, this impairment was not reversed by increasing concentrations of either interleukin-2 or -12. Monocyte-derived DC from HIV-1 and HCV co-infected individuals have a similar allostimulatory capacity to DC from matched patients with HIV-1 alone. These findings are compatible with results of prior clinical studies that found no evidence that HCV co-infection altered HIV disease progression and has implications for immunotherapeutic approaches in co-infected individuals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the allostimulatory function of dendritic cells from HCV-HIV-1 co-infected patients

et al. 2004

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“…Patients co-infected with both HIV and HCV have a higher risk of progression to chronic liver disease than those infected with HCV alone 15,17,19 . However, little is known about the effect of co-infection on the progression of HIV disease 4,14,21 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C virus seroprevalence and risk factors among patients with HIV infection

Mendes-Corrêa

Barone

Guastini

2001

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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SUMMARYThe objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors associated with HCV infection in a group of HIV seropositive patients. We analyzed the medical records of 1,457 patients. All patients were tested for HCV infection by third generation ELISA. Whenever possible, a sample of the positive patients was also tested for HCV by PCR. HCV positive patients were analyzed according to their risk factors for both infections. The prevalence of anti-HCV positive patients was 17.7% (258 patients). Eighty-two (82) of these patients were also tested by PCR and 81 were positive for HCV virus (98%). One hundred fifty-one (58.5%) were intravenous drug users (IDU); 42 (16.3%) were sexual partners of HIV patients; 23 (8.9%) were homosexual males; 12 (4.7%) had received blood transfusion; 61 (17.5%) had promiscuous sexual habits; 14 (5.4%) denied any risk factor; 12 (4.7%) were sexual partners of IDU. Two hundred four patients mentioned only one risk factor. Among them, 28 (10.9%) were sexual partners of HIVpositive patients. Although intravenous drug use was the most important risk factor for co-infection, sexual transmission seemed to contribute to the high HCV seroprevalence in this group of patients.

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“…[12][13][14][15][16] There are conflicting reports concerning whether HCV infection alters the course of HIV. 17 Some studies before the advent of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) suggested that survival and progression to AIDS were the same in patients with HCV/HIV co-infection as in those with HIV alone 18,19 whereas others suggested an adverse effect. 13,20 In the pre-HAART era, HCV infection was deemed an irrelevance as it was HIV that affected morbidity and mortality.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hepatitis C infection is not associated with systemic HIV‐associated non‐hodgkin's lymphoma: A cohort study

Waters¹,

Stebbing²,

Mandalia³

et al. 2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Immunosuppression induced by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) increases the risk of developing non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). As the hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been implicated in the development of B cell lymphomas, we compared the incidence of systemic NHL during HIV infection compared to HIV and HCV co-infection. Of 5,832 individuals studied during the era of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART), 102 patients were diagnosed with systemic NHL. The incidence of systemic NHL was 6.9 of 10 4 patient years during HIV infection compared to 7.1 of 10 4 patient years during HIV alone (p ¼ 0.9). In this immunocompromised patient population, there was no association between HCV infection and an increased risk of lymphoma. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.Key words: hepatitis C; HIV; non-Hodgkin's lymphomaThe use of HAART has resulted in marked declines in HIVrelated morbidity and mortality, by mainly reducing the incidence of opportunistic infections 1 High grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is an AIDS defining illness, having first been described in association with HIV in the early 1980s. 2 NHL occurs at a greatly increased frequency in HIV-infected populations and despite a reduction in its incidence during the HAART era, it remains the second commonest AIDS defining malignancy after Kaposi's sarcoma. [3][4][5][6][7] Many of the 200 million individuals infected with HCV and the 50 million individuals infected with HIV are co-infected with both viruses. [8][9][10] As well as shared routes of transmission, there are many interactions between these small RNA viruses in which infection is often characterised by parenteral transmission followed by a seroconversion illness and then a long latent period lasting many years. 11 Once established, HIV-1 infection seems to increase the persistence of the hepatitis C virus, the level of HCV RNA and progression of HCV-related disease. [12][13][14][15][16] There are conflicting reports concerning whether HCV infection alters the course of HIV. 17 Some studies before the advent of highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) suggested that survival and progression to AIDS were the same in patients with HCV/HIV co-infection as in those with HIV alone 18,19 whereas others suggested an adverse effect. 13,20 In the pre-HAART era, HCV infection was deemed an irrelevance as it was HIV that affected morbidity and mortality. With the increased life expectancy of individuals with HIV, however, HCV has emerged as a problem that adversely affects survival of individuals with HIV. 8,16,21 HCV is a well-established risk factor in the etiology of hepatocellular carcinomas and of mixed cryoglobulinemia Type II, a condition that can evolve to malignant lymphoma in 8-10% of affected cases. 22 In the non-HIV setting, data from case-case comparisons and case-control studies indicate several-fold higher prevalence of HCV infection (as indicated by the presence of antibodies or HCV RNA) among B cell lymphoma patients compared to control populations. 23 Attempts have been made to evaluate an...

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Hepatitis C in Hiv–Infected Patients With and Without Aids: Prevalence and Relationship to Patient Survival

Cited by 126 publications

References 17 publications

Studies on the allostimulatory function of dendritic cells from HCV-HIV-1 co-infected patients

Studies on the allostimulatory function of dendritic cells from HCV-HIV-1 co-infected patients

Hepatitis C virus seroprevalence and risk factors among patients with HIV infection

Hepatitis C infection is not associated with systemic HIV‐associated non‐hodgkin's lymphoma: A cohort study

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