Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with leukemia

Fujii, Yukihiko; Kaku, Kohei; Tanaka, Masahide; Yosizaki, Miki; Kaneko, Toshio; Matumoto, Noboru

doi:10.1002/ajh.2830460405

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This was also conferred in the literature by showing that the prevalence of HCV was higher in leukemic children than the ones with solid tumors [30]. Although familial transmission routes were reported in some cases, there was only one person detected positive for anti-HCV within the family members of the screened children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Increased risk of chronic hepatitis in children with cancer

Sevinir

Meral

Günay

et al. 2002

Med. Pediatr. Oncol.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Increased risk of chronic hepatitis in children with cancer

Sevinir

Meral

Günay

et al. 2002

Med. Pediatr. Oncol.

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“…Some studies show minor liver pathology after 10 to 30 years of follow-up, while others report significant pathological changes in a few years (7,13,23,25,27). In most of the earlier studies the genotype of HCV was not included, and this may explain such differences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus Infections in a Hematology-Oncology Unit at a Children's Hospital in Nicaragua, 1997 to 1999

Visoná

Baez

Taylor

et al. 2002

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The risk of acquiring both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in patients with hematological-oncological disorders has been documented. However, the impact and risk factors for such infections from different geographical areas vary, and the use of both immunological and molecular assays to determine HCV infections has been our approach. Children from a hematology-oncology unit (HOU) in Nicaragua were studied for both HBV and HCV serological markers; studies for the latter used both immunological (anti-HCV) and molecular (HCV RNA) assays. The children from the HOU included patients with leukemia, lymphoma, other neoplasias, and anemia and a smaller group with other hematological diseases. As a control group, children from other units at the same hospital were enrolled, as well as health care workers attending both patient populations. Pertinent clinical and personal data for each child at the HOU were obtained for statistical analysis. Of the 625 children from the HOU enrolled in this study 53.3% were infected with HCV and 29.4% had a prior or present HBV infection. In the child patient control group 3.2% had HBV markers and all were negative for HCV. The group of children with leukemia had the highest infection rate for both HBV and HCV. However, the determination of anti-HCV was found to have an overall low sensitivity in children from HOU, and a retest consisting of a molecular assay to determine HCV RNA was performed to better establish the total number of HCV-infected subjects in this group. The highest independent risk factor for infection was hospitalization. The very high prevalence rates for both HBV and HCV infection in this patient group indicate an urgent need to implement better control of known risk factors and to consider the use of both immunological and molecular assays for HCV diagnostic purposes.The risk of infection with both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) is well documented in children with hematological disorders, and prevalence rates as high as 50% in leukemia and lymphoma patients have been reported (4,21,22,26). Many of these children receive multiple transfusions of different blood components, and this could be a potential risk factor for acquiring such infections. Also the children are highly immunosuppressed, and therefore the manifestations of these infections are mostly subclinical and rarely noticed (16,17).Over the last decade in the developed world all donated blood products have been screened for both HBV and HCV, and this has led to a major reduction in posttransfusion viral hepatitis (16, 28). However, in developing countries, these screening assays were introduced later and only partially in some areas; in some countries, they were not introduced at all. Therefore, the risk of acquiring both HBV and HCV infections is expected to be higher in such countries. Also, both in the developed world and in countries under development, there have been nosocomial outbreaks in the pediatric populations due to improper implementation of univ...

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“…(2) after DAA therapy has induced a sustained virologic response (SVR), is there a risk of HCV recurrence following immunosuppressive chemotherapy? and (3) could antiviral therapy years ago have prevented the development of this lymphoma, and is chemoprevention a valid indication for DAA therapy in HCV-infected patients with no evidence of hepatic fibrosis?…”

Section: Discussion Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…(2) what serious complications of HCV infection can be expected after HCT? and (3) how important is monitoring for drug-drug interactions in HCV-infected patients receiving DAA therapy?…”

Section: Discussion Casementioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 In patients with cancer, estimates of the prevalence of HCV infection range from 1.5% to 32%. [2][3][4][5][6] Chronic HCV infection is mainly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma and nonHodgkin lymphoma (NHL). 7,8 Management of HCV infection is more challenging in patients with hematologic malignancies than in patients without cancer because of a higher rate of progression of fibrosis, more rapid development of cirrhosis, increased viral titers, worse outcome, and exclusion from some cancer and/or antiviral treatments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How I treat hepatitis C virus infection in patients with hematologic malignancies

Torres

McDonald

2016

Blood

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is not uncommon in cancer patients. Over the past 5 years, treatment of chronic HCV infection in patients with hematologic malignancies has evolved rapidly as safe and effective direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have become the standard-of-care treatment. Today, chronic HCV infection should not prevent a patient from receiving cancer therapy or participating in clinical trials of chemotherapy because most infected patients can achieve virologic cure. Elimination of HCV from infected cancer patients confers virologic, hepatic, and oncologic advantages. Similar to the optimal therapy for HCV-infected patients without cancer, the optimal therapy for HCV-infected patients with cancer is evolving rapidly. The choice of regimens with DAAs should be individualized after thorough assessment for potential hematologic toxic effects and drug-drug interactions. This study presents clinical scenarios of HCV-infected patients with hematologic malignancies, focusing on diagnosis, clinical and laboratory presentations, complications, and DAA therapy. An up-to-date treatment algorithm is presented.

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Hepatitis C virus infection in patients with leukemia

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Increased risk of chronic hepatitis in children with cancer

Increased risk of chronic hepatitis in children with cancer

Impact of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Virus Infections in a Hematology-Oncology Unit at a Children's Hospital in Nicaragua, 1997 to 1999

How I treat hepatitis C virus infection in patients with hematologic malignancies

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