Hepatocytes, rather than leukocytes reverse DNA damage in vivo induced by whole body y-irradiation of mice, as shown by the alkaline comet assay

Pincheira, Juana; Carrera, Pilar; Marcelain, Katherine; Torre, Consuelo de la

doi:10.4067/s0716-97602008000200011

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This trend was observed for both single-and double-strand breaks. This observation is in agreement with radiation-induced SSBs in leukocytes (48) and SSBs and DSBs in mouse embryo fibroblasts (24). In the latter study, in contrast to the current findings, SSBs were completely repaired after 24 h post radiation, whereas DSBs were not (24).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage and repair detected by the comet assay in HPV-transformed cervical cells

Moktar

Ravoori²,

Vadhanam³

et al. 2009

Int J Oncol

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Abstract. Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative factor in the development and progression of cervical cancers in >97% of the cases, although insufficient. Epidemiological studies suggest an elevated risk of cervical cancer for cigarette smokers; therefore, we examined cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage and repair in HPV16-transformed human ectocervical cells (ECT1/E6 E7). Cells were treated with cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) for 72 h to assess the formation of single-and double-strand DNA breaks, measured by alkaline and neutral single cell gel electrophoresis assays, respectively. The mean tail length of cells with single-strand breaks was increased by 1.8-, 2.7-and 3.7-fold (p<0.001) after treatment with 4, 8 and 12 μg/ml CSC, respectively. The tail length with double-strand breaks was also increased dose-dependently. These results were further supported by measurement of the mean tail moment: the increase in both single-and double-strand breaks were much more pronounced with increasing concentration of CSC, by up to 23.5-fold (p<0.0001 for both assays). To examine the DNA repair, cells were treated with CSC for 72 h, followed by CSC withdrawal and re-incubation of the cells with fresh medium for 24, 48, or 72 h. Both single-and double-strand DNA breaks were removed during the initial 24 h but no further removal of the damage was observed. Up to 80% of residual single-and double-strand DNA breaks (p<0.05) were found to persist at all CSC concentrations examined. Ellagic acid, a known antioxidant and free-radical scavenger, was found to significantly inhibit DNA breaks induced by CSC. Thus, free radicals may be a plausible source of CSCinduced DNA damage. These data show that CSC-mediated DNA strand breaks are highly persistent, and suggest that persistence of cigarette smoke-associated DNA damage in the presence of HPV infection may lead to increased mutations in cervical cells and ultimately higher cancer risk.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage and repair detected by the comet assay in HPV-transformed cervical cells

Moktar

Ravoori²,

Vadhanam³

et al. 2009

Int J Oncol

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“…This trend was observed for both single-and double-strand breaks. This observation is in agreement with radiation-induced SSBs in leukocytes [145] and SSBs and DSBs in mouse embryo fibroblasts [125]. In the latter study, in contrast to the current findings, SSBs were completely repaired after 24 h post radiation, whereas DSBs were not [125].…”

Section: E Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 56%

Cigarette smoke, DNA damage and repair in human cervical and vaginal cells in vitro and ex vivo.

Moktar¹

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DEDICATION This dissertation is dedicated to my parents, Ahmad and AshTabatabaie, for instilling in me the importance and power of hard work and higher education, for shaping me into the person I am today, and for all their love and kindness.I would also like to dedicate this dissertation to my wonderful husband, Reza Moktar, for giving me the best chance for educational growth. With his love, support and patience he has opened my eyes to the world and allowed me to follow my dreams.Moreover, this dissertation is dedicated to our amazing and lovely daughter, Melody A. Moktar, who gave me a new perspective on life.hope I can make up for all the time that we spent apart. Vlll

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“…As it is impossible to take a sample from the myocardium of cardiac patients to investigate DNA damage, in designing this investigation we took advantage of previously published studies on patients undergoing coronary surgery (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). In these studies, plasma or whole blood samples were used and DNA damage assessed using the comet assay, or the activity of antioxidant enzyme or metabolite levels were measured.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comet Assay in Evaluating DNA Damage Associated With Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury in Patients Undergoing Coronary Surgery

Karahalıl

Gümüş

Emerce

et al. 2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Ischaemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is responsible for a number of conditions such as coronary bypass and myocardial infarction, and deaths. Oxygen-free radicals formed during I/R have been proposed as the leading causes of tissue injury, and they play an important role in I/R injury. I/R induces oxidative DNA damage (such as purinic and pyrimidinic base lesions). Comet assay is a suitable and sensitive method for early detection of low-level DNA damage. We used modifi ed alkaline comet assay in peripheral blood lymphocytes and evaluated I/R-induced DNA damage in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) operation (in vivo model for I/R). No statistically signifi cant difference in DNA damage levels was found before surgery, after anaesthesia, ischemia, reperfusion, and surgery. However, blood lactate levels (assessed in parallel with the comet assay) increased after I/R and did not return to the baseline level. Our fi ndings showed that I/R injury did not induce DNA damage, but increased the lactate levels. This fi nding suggests that there might be reversible and uncommon necrosis that did not refl ect on overall DNA base damage. Further studies are needed using this approach.

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Hepatocytes, rather than leukocytes reverse DNA damage in vivo induced by whole body y-irradiation of mice, as shown by the alkaline comet assay

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage and repair detected by the comet assay in HPV-transformed cervical cells

Cigarette smoke-induced DNA damage and repair detected by the comet assay in HPV-transformed cervical cells

Cigarette smoke, DNA damage and repair in human cervical and vaginal cells in vitro and ex vivo.

Comet Assay in Evaluating DNA Damage Associated With Ischaemia-Reperfusion Injury in Patients Undergoing Coronary Surgery

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