Herpes B virus replication and viral lesions in the liver of a cynomolgus macaque which died from severe disease with rapid onset

Pöhlmann, Stefan; Suntz, Michael; Akimkin, Valerij; Bleyer, Martina; Kaul, Artur

doi:10.1111/jmp.12269

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Clinical and anatomical pathologic features. In macaques, HBV infection is clinically and pathologically characterized by small to large (sometimes erosive) vesicles on the oral and genital mucosa together with a multifocal necrotizing hepatitis with multinucleated syncytial cells and intranuclear inclusion bodies in the epithelial cells of affected organs and tissues 16 , 37 , 38 .…”

Section: Viral Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathologic characteristics of infectious diseases in macaque monkeys used in biomedical and toxicologic studies

Ohta

2023

J Toxicol Pathol

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Nonhuman primates (NHPs), which have many advantages in scientific research and are often the only relevant animals to use in assessing the safety profiles and biological or pharmacological effects of drug candidates, including biologics. In scientific or developmental experiments, the immune systems of animals can be spontaneously compromised possibly due to background infection, experimental procedure-associated stress, poor physical condition, or intended or unintended mechanisms of action of test articles. Under these circumstances, background, incidental, or opportunistic infections can seriously can significantly complicate the interpretation of research results and findings and consequently affect experimental conclusions. Pathologists and toxicologists must understand the clinical manifestations and pathologic features of infectious diseases and the effects of these diseases on animal physiology and experimental results in addition to the spectrum of infectious diseases in healthy NHP colonies. This review provides an overview of the clinical and pathologic characteristics of common viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infectious diseases in NHPs, especially macaque monkeys, as well as methods for definitive diagnosis of these diseases. Opportunistic infections that can occur in the laboratory setting have also been addressed in this review with examples of cases of infection disease manifestation that was observed or influenced during safety assessment studies or under experimental conditions.

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Section: Viral Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathologic characteristics of infectious diseases in macaque monkeys used in biomedical and toxicologic studies

Ohta

2023

J Toxicol Pathol

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“…( 53 ). However, disseminated viral infection is rare in macaques and is usually fatal when it occurs ( 54 , 55 ). Non-macaques (all New World monkeys and other Old World monkeys) are not at risk of infecting the B virus unless they are raised with macaques, such as DeBrazza’s monkeys ( Cercopithecus neglectus ) ( 23 ), capuchin monkeys ( Cebus apella ) ( 56 ), patas monkeys and a black and white colobus monkey ( 57 ), which may contract the B virus and eventually die.…”

Section: Epidemiology Of the Herpes B Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards a comprehensive view of the herpes B virus

Lu,

Long,

Sun

et al. 2023

Front. Immunol.

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Herpes B virus is a biosafety level 4 pathogen and widespread in its natural host species, macaques. Although most infected monkeys show asymptomatic or mild symptoms, human infections with this virus can cause serious neurological symptoms or fatal encephalomyelitis with a high mortality rate. Herpes B virus can be latent in the sensory ganglia of monkeys and humans, often leading to missed diagnoses. Furthermore, the herpes B virus has extensive antigen crossover with HSV, SA8, and HVP-2, causing false-positive results frequently. Timely diagnosis, along with methods with sensitivity and specificity, are urgent for research on the herpes B virus. The lack of a clear understanding of the host invasion and life cycle of the herpes B virus has led to slow progress in the development of effective vaccines and drugs. This review discusses the research progress and problems of the epidemiology of herpes B virus, detection methods and therapy, hoping to inspire further investigation into important factors associated with transmission of herpes B virus in macaques and humans, and arouse the development of effective vaccines or drugs, to promote the establishment of specific pathogen-free (SPF) monkeys and protect humans to effectively avoid herpes B virus infection.

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Herpes B virus replication and viral lesions in the liver of a cynomolgus macaque which died from severe disease with rapid onset

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Pathologic characteristics of infectious diseases in macaque monkeys used in biomedical and toxicologic studies

Pathologic characteristics of infectious diseases in macaque monkeys used in biomedical and toxicologic studies

Towards a comprehensive view of the herpes B virus

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