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The article contains sections titled: 1. Detergent Ingredients 1.1. Surfactants 1.1.1. Anionic Surfactants 1.1.2. Nonionic Surfactants 1.1.2.1. Alcohol Ethoxylates (AE) 1.1.2.2. Alkylphenol Ethoxylates (APE) 1.1.2.3. Fatty Acid Alkanolamides (FAA) 1.1.2.4. Alkylamine Oxides 1.1.2.5. N ‐Methylglucamides (NMG) 1.1.2.6. Alkylpolyglycosides (APG) 1.1.3. Cationic Surfactants 1.1.4. Amphoteric Surfactants 1.2. Builders 1.2.1. Alkalies 1.2.2. Complexing Agents 1.2.3. Ion Exchangers 1.2.4. Builder Combinations 1.3. Bleaches 1.3.1. Bleach‐Active Compounds 1.3.2. Bleach Activators 1.3.3. Bleach Catalysts 1.3.4. Bleach Stabilizers 1.4. Further Detergent Ingredients 1.4.1. Enzymes 1.4.2. Soil Antiredeposition Agents, Soil Repellent/Soil Release Agents 1.4.3. Foam Regulators 1.4.4. Corrosion Inhibitors 1.4.5. Fluorescent Whitening Agents 1.4.6. Dye Transfer Inhibitors 1.4.7. Fragrances 1.4.8. Dyes 1.4.9. Fillers and Formulation Aids 2. Laundry Products 2.1. Heavy‐Duty Detergents 2.1.1. Conventional Powder Heavy‐Duty Detergents 2.1.2. Compact and Supercompact Heavy‐Duty Detergents 2.1.3. Extruded Heavy Duty Detergents 2.1.4. Heavy‐Duty Detergent Tablets 2.1.5. Color Heavy‐Duty Detergents 2.1.6. Liquid Heavy‐Duty Detergents 2.2. Specialty Detergents 2.2.1. Powder Specialty Detergents 2.2.2. Liquid Specialty Detergents 2.3. Laundry Aids 2.3.1. Pretreatment Aids 2.3.2. Boosters 2.3.3. Aftertreatment Aids 2.3.3.1. Fabric Softeners 2.3.3.2. Stiffeners 2.3.3.3. Laundry Dryer Aids 2.3.4. Other Laundry Aids 2.3.4.1. Refreshing Products for Dryer Application 2.3.4.2. Odor Removers for Washer Application 3. Industrial and Institutional Detergents
The article contains sections titled: 1. Detergent Ingredients 1.1. Surfactants 1.1.1. Anionic Surfactants 1.1.2. Nonionic Surfactants 1.1.2.1. Alcohol Ethoxylates (AE) 1.1.2.2. Alkylphenol Ethoxylates (APE) 1.1.2.3. Fatty Acid Alkanolamides (FAA) 1.1.2.4. Alkylamine Oxides 1.1.2.5. N ‐Methylglucamides (NMG) 1.1.2.6. Alkylpolyglycosides (APG) 1.1.3. Cationic Surfactants 1.1.4. Amphoteric Surfactants 1.2. Builders 1.2.1. Alkalies 1.2.2. Complexing Agents 1.2.3. Ion Exchangers 1.2.4. Builder Combinations 1.3. Bleaches 1.3.1. Bleach‐Active Compounds 1.3.2. Bleach Activators 1.3.3. Bleach Catalysts 1.3.4. Bleach Stabilizers 1.4. Further Detergent Ingredients 1.4.1. Enzymes 1.4.2. Soil Antiredeposition Agents, Soil Repellent/Soil Release Agents 1.4.3. Foam Regulators 1.4.4. Corrosion Inhibitors 1.4.5. Fluorescent Whitening Agents 1.4.6. Dye Transfer Inhibitors 1.4.7. Fragrances 1.4.8. Dyes 1.4.9. Fillers and Formulation Aids 2. Laundry Products 2.1. Heavy‐Duty Detergents 2.1.1. Conventional Powder Heavy‐Duty Detergents 2.1.2. Compact and Supercompact Heavy‐Duty Detergents 2.1.3. Extruded Heavy Duty Detergents 2.1.4. Heavy‐Duty Detergent Tablets 2.1.5. Color Heavy‐Duty Detergents 2.1.6. Liquid Heavy‐Duty Detergents 2.2. Specialty Detergents 2.2.1. Powder Specialty Detergents 2.2.2. Liquid Specialty Detergents 2.3. Laundry Aids 2.3.1. Pretreatment Aids 2.3.2. Boosters 2.3.3. Aftertreatment Aids 2.3.3.1. Fabric Softeners 2.3.3.2. Stiffeners 2.3.3.3. Laundry Dryer Aids 2.3.4. Other Laundry Aids 2.3.4.1. Refreshing Products for Dryer Application 2.3.4.2. Odor Removers for Washer Application 3. Industrial and Institutional Detergents
Defined surfactants of general formula [(CH3)3SiO]2CH3Si(CH2)3(OCH2CH2)3–9OCH3, have been synthesized from the corresponding oligoethylene glycol monoallyl monomethyl ethers via hydrosilylation. The concentration‐dependent spreading performance on hydrophobized silicon wafers has been investigated and compared with that of Silwet L77. For the hexaethylene glycol derivative the highest initial spreading velocities and largest spreading areas were found. Since Silwet L77 spreads faster than all the other derivatives under investigation, a synergistic effect of different compounds is unlikely. Minor differences were found for handshaken and sonicated solutions. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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