1996
DOI: 10.1097/00042560-199600001-00039
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HERV-K: The Biologically Most Active Human Endogenous Retrovirus Family

Abstract: The human genome contains a wide variety of endogenous retrovirus-like sequences. The human endogenous retrovirus type K (HERV-K) family comprises 30-50 members per haploid genome in humans and is highly conserved in Old World monkeys and apes. Some proviruses are displaying open reading frames (ORF) with coding capacity for viral particles. HERV-K sequences most likely code for the previously described human teratocarcinoma-derived virus (HTDV) and correlated expression of HERV-K Gag has been demonstrated by … Show more

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Cited by 78 publications
(70 citation statements)
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“…The existence of a functional HERV-K protease was inferred from the presence of processed Gag proteins in teratocarcinoma cells (5). Direct evidence for a functional protease activity came from expression of different clones in E. coli (15,17,25,38).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…The existence of a functional HERV-K protease was inferred from the presence of processed Gag proteins in teratocarcinoma cells (5). Direct evidence for a functional protease activity came from expression of different clones in E. coli (15,17,25,38).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The retroviral element that carries a primer binding site complementary to the 3Ј end of a lysine tRNA is called HERV-K. HERV type K represents the biologically most active form of a variety of retroviral elements present in the human genome (1,5). Although the HERV-K group comes closest of all known HERVs to containing infectious virus, no corresponding replication-competent virus has so far been described (1,3).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The human endogenous retrovirus type K (HERV-K) family comprises 30-50 full-length members per haploid genome, among which several contain intact open reading frames (reviewed in Löwer et al, 1996;Tönjes et al, 1996). Intact elements are flanked by two long terminal repeats each approximately 1-kb in length providing the promoter and poly-adenylation signals respectively.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The basal transcriptional activity of human endogenous retroviruses varies in different human cell and tissue types, both for those viruses that have intact genes and for those with mutated cistrons (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). It appears that expression depends upon individual host factors, like ethnicity (10,21,22,24), cell populations (18,25,26), and tissue types (27)(28)(29).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It appears that expression depends upon individual host factors, like ethnicity (10,21,22,24), cell populations (18,25,26), and tissue types (27)(28)(29). Additionally, external stimuli, such as infections, viral transactivators, chemical exposures, cytokines, hormones, and inflammation, can induce expression of these proviruses (30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%