Heterogeneous and efficient transesterification of
 Jatropha curcas
 L. seed oil to produce biodiesel catalysed by nano-sized SO
 4
 2−
 /TiO
 2

Chen, Chao; Cai, Lei; Shangguan, Xinchen; Li, Liang; Hong, Yanping; Wu, Guoqiang

doi:10.1098/rsos.181331

Cited by 31 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…the indication of this peak supports the existence of the active site of SO²ˉ/TiO₂ and equal to previous studies. 15,16 Silica and TiO₂ have fused so that the walls appear thick and the pore size decreases in the micrograph in Fig- 1. This treatment also has the effect of pressure and release of water so that the sample structure becomes large aggregates.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Synthesis Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester as Biodiesel From Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Using So4²ˉ/ Tio2 Catalyst Supported by Mesoporous Silica

Manga¹,

Ahmad²,

Taba³

et al. 2020

RJC

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This research has studied the synthesis of fatty acid ethyl esters for biodiesel production using heterogeneous SO₄²ˉ/TiO₂ catalysts supported by mesoporous silica. The characterization result of the catalyst using X-Ray of wide-angle powder (WAXRD) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) gives information that the existence of silica as support of SO₄²ˉ/TiO₂ active site. Observation data were analyzed by Response Surface Design (Composite Central Design). The results of the conversion design analysis, it was observed that the number of catalysts: 5%, Ethanol / PFAD molar ratio: 13 and reaction time: 2.25 hours as a variable for optimization of the esterification process The physical characterization of ethyl ester as biodiesel is recorded by viscosity and density according to ASTM D-6751. The presence of functional groups which show the formation of ethyl esters indicated by FTIR analysis as C-H (alkanes), C=O, C-O and C-H (alkyl, R). The composition and type of ethyl ester from fatty acids were determined through GC-MS analysis. The highest peaks are indicated as palmitate ethyl ester, stearate ethyl ester and oleate ethyl ester and inform that the esterification reaction carried out has succeeded in producing highquality biodiesel

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization Synthesis Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester as Biodiesel From Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Using So4²ˉ/ Tio2 Catalyst Supported by Mesoporous Silica

Manga¹,

Ahmad²,

Taba³

et al. 2020

RJC

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“…The peak at 1490 cm −1 can be ascribed to both types of sites. 46,47 Comparing the pyridine absorption peaks of Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and Al-OCS-0.1 at 1490 and 1540 cm −1 shows that the Brønsted acid sites on the Al-OCS-0.1 sample were primarily provided by the sulfonic groups and by partial self-alcoholysis of these groups.…”

Section: Nh 3 -Tpd Measurements and Py-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of ethyl levulinate from cellulose over a double acid site catalyst

Huang

Hao

2021

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: A novel double acid site solid catalyst (Al-OCS-0.1) having an ordered mesoporous structure was synthesized by grafting sulfonic acid groups on an oxidized ordered mesoporous carbon (OOMC) support and loading 10% Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 .RESULT: Assessments using Field emission scanning electron microscopy, Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction showed that the OMC structure remained unchanged after the chemical modification and Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 loading. The Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area and average pore size of Al-OCS-0.1 decreased to 181 m 2 g −1 and 7.1 nm after loading Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 , respectively. Ammonia temperature-programmed desorption (NH 3 -TPD) and Pyridine adsorption infrared spectroscopy (Py-IR) demonstrated that Al-OCS-0.1 had abundant Brønsted and Lewis acid sites. The ammonia desorption of Al-OCS-0.1 increased from 2.0 to 7.2 mmol g −1 after loading Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 .CONCLUSION: The Al-OCS-0.1 was used to catalyze the synthesis of ethyl levulinate from cellulose in ethanol and gave an extremely high yield of 50.8 mol% after 5 h at 200 °C.

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“…14 and 15. The reusability property is recognized as one of the advantages of heterogeneous catalysts over homogeneous ones, which is why reuse testing is an integral part of many studies of catalyst performance in oil transesterification [78][79][80][81].…”

Section: Catalyst Reusabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Possibility of Using Commercial Hydrated Lime as a Catalyst for Rapeseed Oil Methanolysis

Halilovic

Bеgić

Iličković

et al. 2021

IRJPAC

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In this research, the possibility of using Ca(OH)2 in the form of commercial hydrated lime as a catalyst for the methanolysis of refined rapeseed oil was evaluated. Characterization of unused catalyst was performed by SEM-EDS, laser diffraction, XRF, BET, XRD and TG/DTG methods, and vegetable oil was analyzed for physicochemical characteristics. Within methanolysis, the effects of catalyst loading, reaction temperature and reaction time on methyl ester yield, density and viscosity of biodiesel, as well as the possibility of catalyst reuse were investigated. The obtained results showed that hydrated lime is an efficient catalyst for transesterification of vegetable oil, whereby the use of 3 wt% of catalyst relative to oil weight, at temperature 60℃ and mixing rate 1000 rpm after 120 min of transesterification reaction achieved a yield of methyl esters 98.76%. With three reuses of hydrated lime, without intermediate washing and regeneration procedures, the yield of rapeseed oil methyl ester remained above 90%.

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Heterogeneous and efficient transesterification of Jatropha curcas L. seed oil to produce biodiesel catalysed by nano-sized SO ₄ ²⁻ /TiO ₂

Cited by 31 publications

References 62 publications

Optimization Synthesis Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester as Biodiesel From Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Using So4²ˉ/ Tio2 Catalyst Supported by Mesoporous Silica

Optimization Synthesis Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester as Biodiesel From Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Using So4²ˉ/ Tio2 Catalyst Supported by Mesoporous Silica

Synthesis of ethyl levulinate from cellulose over a double acid site catalyst

Possibility of Using Commercial Hydrated Lime as a Catalyst for Rapeseed Oil Methanolysis

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Heterogeneous and efficient transesterification of Jatropha curcas L. seed oil to produce biodiesel catalysed by nano-sized SO 4 2− /TiO 2

Cited by 31 publications

References 62 publications

Optimization Synthesis Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester as Biodiesel From Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Using So4²ˉ/ Tio2 Catalyst Supported by Mesoporous Silica

Optimization Synthesis Fatty Acid Ethyl Ester as Biodiesel From Palm Fatty Acid Distillate Using So4²ˉ/ Tio2 Catalyst Supported by Mesoporous Silica

Synthesis of ethyl levulinate from cellulose over a double acid site catalyst

Possibility of Using Commercial Hydrated Lime as a Catalyst for Rapeseed Oil Methanolysis

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Product

Resources

About

Heterogeneous and efficient transesterification of Jatropha curcas L. seed oil to produce biodiesel catalysed by nano-sized SO ₄ ²⁻ /TiO ₂