Hexane fraction from the ethanolic extract of Sargassum serratifolium suppresses cell adhesion molecules via regulation of NF-κB and Nrf2 pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells

Abstract

Sargassum serratifolium ethanolic extract has been known for strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We prepared hexane fraction from the ethanolic extract of S. serratifolium (HSS) to improve biological activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of HSS on the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α-induced monocyte adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found that HSS suppressed the production of cell adhesion molecules such as intracellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 in TNF-α-induced HUVECs. Moreover, TNF-α-induced production of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and keratinocyte chemoattractant was inhibited by HSS treatment. HSS suppressed TNF-α-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation via preventing proteolytic degradation of inhibitor κB-α. HSS induced the production of heme oxygenase 1 via translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus in TNF-α-treated HUVECs. Overall, HSS alleviated vascular inflammation through the downregulation of NF-κB activation and the upregulation of Nrf2 activation in TNF-α-induced HUVECs. These results indicate that HSS may be used as therapeutic agents for vascular inflammatory disorders.

Sargassum Seaweed as a Source of Anti-Inflammatory Substances and the Potential Insight of the Tropical Species: A Review

“…These facts indicated that the relatively lipophilic compounds tended to be responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity. This was supported by several other studies showing a similar tendency that a relatively lipophylic extract or fraction has a promising anti-inflammatory effect [19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33].…”

“…wightii were effective in inhibiting the COX-2 enzyme activity. Several other compounds that are allegedly responsible for the anti-inflammatory activity of the non-polar fraction include fucoxanthin or its derivatives [33], fucosterol or other steroid compounds [20,23,28,29,31,33,51], and phenolic compounds [18,23,30,31,33]. Although phenolic compounds are commonly known to have hydrophilic natures, their polarities will actually depend on their chemical structures.…”

“…[99,105,139], decreased edema volume and neutrophil infiltration in rat edema model [104], decreased production of osteoclastogenic factors (such as RANKL and osteoprotegerin in the IL-1β-induced MG-63 osteoblast cells) [147], improvement of dyslipidemia conditions [50,99], and amelioration of insulin resistance [33,44]. Increased intrinsic antioxidant enzyme activity is associated with the increased expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcription factors, the responsible protein in cell defense mechanisms [19,20,77,208]. Lee et al [209] found that the oral administration of fucosterol (30 mg/kg/ day for seven days) in CCl 4 -induced rat hepatotoxicity was able to improve the nuclear translocation of Nrf2.…”

Sargachromenol Attenuates Inflammatory Responses by Regulating NF-κB and Nrf2 Pathways in RAW 264.7 Cells and LPS-treated Mice

“…The identification of the specimen was confirmed by algal taxonomist C. G. Choi, who is affiliated with the Department of Ecological Engineering at Pukyong National University, Republic of Korea. Subsequently, a voucher specimen (TC18835) was deposited in the Marine Brown Algae Resources Bank, Republic of Korea [41]. The purity of the isolated sargachromenol exceeded 98 %, as assessed by an HPLC system equipped with a Luna RP-18 column (Luna C18(2), 3 µm, 150 × 3.0 mm) [15].…”

Screening of In-Vitro Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity of Sargassum ilicifolium Crude Lipid Extracts from Different Coastal Areas in Indonesia

“…Several studies on Sargassum summarized by Saraswati et al [ 6 ] indicated the promising anti-inflammatory effect of this seaweed genus, for both acute and chronic conditions. Although several screening studies demonstrated the predominance of Sargassum lipid-soluble fractions which are responsible for inflammatory activity [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ], the potency of the lipid-soluble compounds of tropical Sargassum has not been fully explored. To date of our knowledge, the sulfated polysaccharides of tropical Sargassum are the most studied compounds for their anti-inflammatory activity [ 5 ].…”