Hidden scabies: diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction

Bezold, Guntram; Lange, Monika; Schiener, R.; Palmedo, Gabriele; Sander, Christian; Kerscher, Martina; Ru, Peter

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2133.2001.04096.x

Cited by 63 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…A small number of reports in the literature also demonstrated the usefulness of PCR for the diagnosis of scabies (41,42). In particular, PCR was positive for some patients who had conditions clinically compatible with scabies but who were microscopy negative, as shown in our study (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…Moreover, two studies tested the PCR assay with mite samples or skin biopsy specimens, but relatively few clinical specimens, like skin scrapings, were tested (41,43). Additionally, the 2-tube nested PCR used by Fukuyama et al is prone to cross contamination (42).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous molecular studies of S. scabiei in animals and humans have utilized various gene targets, such as microsatellites, ITS-2 ribosomal DNA (rDNA), mitochondrial 12S/16S rRNA, and S. scabiei myosin heavy chain genes (41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the three studies evaluating the role of PCR in the diagnosis of scabies, S. scabiei microsatellite 15 (Sarms 15), S. scabiei myosin heavy chain genes, or ITS-2 rDNA was used, but relatively few sequence data for these genes are available in GenBank (41)(42)(43). Moreover, two studies tested the PCR assay with mite samples or skin biopsy specimens, but relatively few clinical specimens, like skin scrapings, were tested (41,43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Conventional and Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assays for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Scabies

et al. 2015

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c Scabies remains the most prevalent, endemic, and neglected ectoparasitic infestation globally and can cause institutional outbreaks. The sensitivity of routine microscopy for demonstration of Sarcoptes scabiei mites or eggs in skin scrapings is only about 50%. Except for three studies using conventional or two-tube nested PCR on a small number of cases, no systematic study has been performed to improve the laboratory diagnosis of this important infection. We developed a conventional and a real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene of S. scabiei. The cox1 gene is relatively well conserved, with its sequence having no high levels of similarity to the sequences of other human skin mites, pathogenic zoonotic mites, or common house dust mite species. This mitochondrial gene is also present in large quantities in arthropod cells, potentially improving the sensitivity of a PCR-based assay. In our study, both assays were specific and were more sensitive than microscopy in diagnosing scabies, with positive and negative predictive values of 100%. The S. scabiei DNA copy number in the microscopy-positive specimens was significantly higher than that in the microscopy-negative specimens (median S. scabiei DNA copy number, 3.604 versus 2.457 log 10 copies per reaction; P ‫؍‬ 0.0213). In the patient with crusted scabies, the qPCR assay performed on lesional skin swabs instead of scrapings revealed that the parasite DNA load took about 2 weeks to become negative after treatment. The utility of using lesional skin swabs as an alternative sample for diagnosis of scabies by PCR should be further evaluated. Scabies remains a significant infectious problem worldwide and is a problem not merely in developing countries but also in the developed world. An estimated 300 million cases of scabies occur globally every year, with scabies having a particular association with young children, poor hygiene, homelessness, crowdedness, and poverty in the tropical and subtropical regions (1). The prevalence of scabies in some populations, such as Australian aborigines, can be as high as 25 to 50%, and the burden of disease and morbidity are further aggravated by complications with bacterial pyoderma, including that caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (2, 3). In developed countries, scabies causes significant public health issues in vulnerable individuals, such as individuals at the extremes of ages and immunocompromised hosts. For example, an estimated incidence of 233 to 470 per 100,000 person-years was reported in a national study conducted from 1994 to 2003 in England (4). In addition, outbreaks readily occur in the community in schools, hospitals (including intensive care units), and other institutions (5-10). Among immunocompromised patients, such as HIV-infected individuals, organ transplant recipients, and patients on biologics or other immunosuppressive therapies, scabies can occur as an unrecognized complication with considerable delays in diagnosis and...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of Conventional and Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assays for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Scabies

et al. 2015

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“…suis, em particular em casos onde apenas um pequeno número de ácaros estão presentes na pele, a exemplo do observado em casos humanos atípicos (BEZOLD et al, 2001). Embora as Granjas de Reprodutores Suídeos Certificadas do Estado do Paraná tenham apresentado baixa prevalência de animais para sarna sarcóptica no período analisado, a prevalência por granjas foi relativamente alta levando-se em conta que estas granjas deveriam ser livres do agente.…”

Section: Discussão E Conclusãounclassified

PREVALÊNCIA DE Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis EM GRANJAS DE REPRODUTORES SUÍDEOS CERTIFICADAS DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ, NO PERÍODO DE 2002 A 2004

Oliveira¹,

Biondo²,

Alberton³

et al. 2006

AVS

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No presente estudo foi estabelecida a prevalência do ácaro causador da sarna sarcóptica, Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis, nas 49 Granjas de Reprodutores Suínos Certificadas – GRSC, do Estado do Paraná no período de 2002 a 2004. No período estudado, a população suína das granjas era de 24.697 animais, incluindo 19.697 reprodutores e 5.000 em engorda. As amostras foram obtidas trimestralmente e enviadas para diagnóstico e identificação conforme legislação do Ministério da Agricultura, Pecuária e Abastecimento - MAPA, Instrução Normativa nº 19, que determina a colheita de cinco amostras de reprodutores e cinco de terminação a cada três meses, totalizando 4.342 exames de raspados de pele de suínos no período estudado. No ano de 2002 o Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis foi diagnosticado em um suíno, com uma prevalência 0,12%; em 2003 foi diagnosticado em dois animais, com uma prevalência 0,11%; e em 2004 em um suíno, com uma prevalência de 0,06%. Entre as 49 granjas pesquisadas, constatou-se a presença do Sarcoptes em quatro granjas (8,16%) durante o período. Os municípios de origem das granjas acometidas não apresentaram tendência por uma região específica e incluíram Castro, Guarapuava, Toledo e Entre Rios do Oeste. Em conclusão, embora a prevalência tenha sido baixa no presente estudo, Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis pode ser detectada mesmo em granjas de alto padrão do Estado do Paraná. Outras técnicas mais sensíveis, como o ELISA e o PCR, poderiam ser associadas ao raspado de pele, de modo a melhor detectar o Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis em granjas de reprodutores suínos certificadas.

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Use of Superficial Cyanoacrylate Biopsy (SCAB) as an Alternative for Mite Identification in Scabies

Neynaber¹,

Muehlstaedt²,

Flaig³

et al. 2008

Arch Dermatol

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Hidden scabies: diagnosis by polymerase chain reaction

Cited by 63 publications

References 14 publications

Development of Conventional and Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assays for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Scabies

Development of Conventional and Real-Time Quantitative PCR Assays for Diagnosis and Monitoring of Scabies

PREVALÊNCIA DE Sarcoptes scabiei var. suis EM GRANJAS DE REPRODUTORES SUÍDEOS CERTIFICADAS DO ESTADO DO PARANÁ, NO PERÍODO DE 2002 A 2004

Use of Superficial Cyanoacrylate Biopsy (SCAB) as an Alternative for Mite Identification in Scabies

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