Hidradenitis suppurativa

Buimer, M.G.; Wobbes, Theo; Klinkenbijl, Jean H. G.

doi:10.1002/bjs.6569

Cited by 70 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…In contrast to other chronic inflammatory skin diseases such as Ps, AI patients greatly suffer from bacterial persistence in the affected skin (2,5,7). In this study, we show for the first time, to our knowledge, that the AMP expression was significantly lower in AI lesions than in Ps lesions and even than in lesions from AD patients.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

“…A cne inversa (AI; also referred to as Hidradenitis suppurativa) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with a prevalence rate of up to 4% (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6). It affects the intertriginous skin of perianal, inguinal, and axillary sites (2,5).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It affects the intertriginous skin of perianal, inguinal, and axillary sites (2,5). Initially, the occlusion of apocrine or follicular ducts leads to stasis as well as to accumulation and propagation of bacteria in the apocrine hair follicle unit followed by dilatation and rupture of the unit, inflammation, and tissue destruction.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deficiency of IL-22 Contributes to a Chronic Inflammatory Disease: Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Acne Inversa

Wolk

Warszawska

Hoeflich

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

228

283

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Overexpression of the T cell cytokine IL-22 is linked to the development of some chronic diseases, but little is known about IL-22 deficiency in humans. As demonstrated in this study, acne inversa (AI; also designated as Hidradenitis suppurativa) lesions show a relative deficiency of IL-22 and IL-20, but not of IL-17A, IL-26, IFN-γ, IL-24, or IL-1β. Moreover, AI lesions had reduced expression of membranous IL-22 and IL-20 receptors and increased expression of the natural IL-22 inhibitor, IL-22 binding protein. AI is a chronic inflammatory skin disease with prevalence up to 4% of the population and in which cutaneous bacterial persistence represents an important pathogenetic factor. Accordingly, we also found a relative deficiency of antimicrobial proteins (AMPs) in AI lesions and a positive correlation between lesional IL-22 and IL-20 versus AMP levels. IL-22, like its tissue cell downstream mediator IL-20, upregulated AMPs in reconstituted human epidermis and was critical for increased AMP levels under inflammatory conditions. The relative IL-22 deficiency in AI was not linked to lesional T cell numbers or Th22/Th1/Th17 subset markers and -inducing cytokines. However, IL-10 was highly expressed in AI lesions and correlated negatively with IL-22 expression. Moreover, IL-10 inhibited IL-22 but not IL-17 production in vitro. The IL-10 overexpression, in turn, was not associated with an elevated presence of regulatory T cells but with the enhanced presence of an IL-10–inducing cytokine. We conclude that IL-22 deficiency may contribute to the pathogenesis of certain chronic disorders as postulated in this paper for AI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 50%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deficiency of IL-22 Contributes to a Chronic Inflammatory Disease: Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Acne Inversa

Wolk

Warszawska

Hoeflich

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

228

283

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“…Finally, the gland ruptures, leading to inflammation extending into the surrounding tissue and adjacent glands. 4,5 Bacterial infection results in further local inflammation, tissue destruction, and skin damage. 3,5 Estimates of the prevalence of HS have ranged from 0.33 to 10 per 1,000 population.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Approach to Extensive Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Büyükaşık

Hasdemir

Kahramansoy

et al. 2011

Dermatologic Surgery

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“…But if these boils occur in a smoker, physicians should inform the patient about the risk that their skin lesions may evolve into a terrible disease that causes chronic pain and agony [34,35]. If the patient is able, then, to stop smoking at such an early stage of HS, he or she has a chance that the disorder will not progress [36]. And it may even heal, although it is true that such a favorable prognosis so far could not have been corroborated by statistical data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoker’s Boils

Happle¹,

König²

2011

Dermatology

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Background: About 90% of patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) are smokers. A crucial eliciting role of smoking appears to be certain. In order to increase the awareness of this avoidable major cause of the disease and to facilitate the recognition of incipient disorder, we propose the more specific term ‘smoker’s boils’ for HS lesions of patients who are smokers. Method: Clinical pictures of early lesions are presented. For the exceptional cases occurring in nonsmokers, the traditional name HS, representing an umbrella term, is adequate. Result/Conclusion: The renaming of HS as smoker’s boils has the practical advantage that a correct diagnosis can be made at an incipient stage of the disorder. If patients stop smoking at such an early stage of HS, they most likely have a chance that this devastating disease will not progress.

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Hidradenitis suppurativa

Cited by 70 publications

References 107 publications

Deficiency of IL-22 Contributes to a Chronic Inflammatory Disease: Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Acne Inversa

Deficiency of IL-22 Contributes to a Chronic Inflammatory Disease: Pathogenetic Mechanisms in Acne Inversa

Surgical Approach to Extensive Hidradenitis Suppurativa

Smoker’s Boils

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