Hierarchical Classification Method for Radio Frequency Interference Recognition and Characterization in Satcom

Abstract

<jats:p>The Quality of Service (QoS) and security of Satellite Communication (Satcom) are crucial as Satcom plays a significant role in a wide range of applications, such as direct broadcast satellite, earth observation, navigation, and government/military systems. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that transmissions are incorruptible, particularly in the presence of challenges such as Radio Frequency Interference (RFI), which is of primary concern for the efficiency of communications. The security of a wireless communication system can be improved using a robust RFI detection method, which could, in turn, lead to an effective mitigation process. This paper presents a new method to recognize received signal characteristics using a hierarchical classification in a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) neural network. The considered characteristics are signal modulation and the type of RFI. In the experiments, a real-time video stream transmitted in the direct broadcast satellite is utilized with four modulation types, namely, QPSK, 8APSK, 16APSK, and 32APSK. Moreover, it is assumed that the communication signal can be combined with one of the three significant types of interference, namely, Continuous Wave Interference (CWI), Multiple CWI (MCWI), and Chirp Interference (CI). In addition, two robust feature selection techniques have been developed to select more informative features, which leads to improving the classification precision. Furthermore, the robustness of the trained techniques is assessed to predict unknown signals at different Signal to Noise Ratios (SNRs).</jats:p>

Multiple Narrowband Interferences Characterization, Detection and Mitigation Using Simplified Welch Algorithm and Notch Filtering

“…Machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques are able to classify the type of interference and they cannot estimate the center frequency. The utilized algorithm in [1] is capable of classifying the interference with JSR larger than 5 dB. As an example of time domain algorithm, Figure 14 displays the performance of the LMS algorithm [19] in CWI detection mixed with the narrowband signal.…”

“…Artificial intelligence techniques is an emerging topic for RFI detection and characterization [18]. Research [1] extracts different features from the input signal and utilizes them as the input for machine learning (ML) and multi-layer perceptron (MLP) for RFI recognition and automatic classification. Based on the results, MLP is able to classify RFI in three categories CWI, MCWI, and Chirp with robust and high precision.…”

“…Satellite communications (Satcom) are playing a crucial role in many applications, such as the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), direct broadcast satellite, and military/government services. Thus, it is necessary to guarantee the quality of service (QoS) and the security of end users [1]. High demand for radio frequency (RF) makes communications bands busier and closer together, making radio frequency interference (RFI) a more frequent problem.…”

An Efficient Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Recognition and Characterization Using End-to-End Transfer Learning

“…To address this concern, Machine Learning (ML) based techniques have shown promising results in the area of multiclass RFI recognition [5,6] and Automatic modulation classification (AMC) [6].…”

Control of Two Satellites Relative Motion over the Packet Erasure Communication Channel with Limited Transmission Rate Based on Adaptive Coder

“…A strategy for secure data correspondence between the smart city's vehicular nodes, which uses the fundamentals of Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) for key agreement and satellite communication for the transmission of messages over vehicles is proposed by Poomagal and Sathish Kumar [28]. Ujan et al [29] presented a method to recognize received signal characteristics using a hierarchical classification in a multi-layer perceptron neural network. The experiments were described where a real-time video stream transmitted in the direct broadcast satellite was utilized with several modulation types of radio frequency interference.…”