Hierarchically Nanostructured Transition Metal Oxides for Lithium‐Ion Batteries

Abstract

Lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) have been widely used in the field of portable electric devices because of their high energy density and long cycling life. To further improve the performance of LIBs, it is of great importance to develop new electrode materials. Various transition metal oxides (TMOs) have been extensively investigated as electrode materials for LIBs. According to the reaction mechanism, there are mainly two kinds of TMOs, one is based on conversion reaction and the other is based on intercalation/deintercalation reaction. Recently, hierarchically nanostructured TMOs have become a hot research area in the field of LIBs. Hierarchical architecture can provide numerous accessible electroactive sites for redox reactions, shorten the diffusion distance of Li‐ion during the reaction, and accommodate volume expansion during cycling. With rapid research progress in this field, a timely account of this advanced technology is highly necessary. Here, the research progress on the synthesis methods, morphological characteristics, and electrochemical performances of hierarchically nanostructured TMOs for LIBs is summarized and discussed. Some relevant prospects are also proposed.

Structural Engineering of Low‐Dimensional Metal–Organic Frameworks: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications

“…[119][120][121] A number of direct synthetic methods, namely template-free method, toward 1D MOF structures have been developed so far, such as "rolling-up" of 2D layer, [85,97,[122][123][124] crystal phase transformation, [52,125,126] oriented assembly of designed organic ligands and metal ions, [92,127,128] and so on. [119][120][121] A number of direct synthetic methods, namely template-free method, toward 1D MOF structures have been developed so far, such as "rolling-up" of 2D layer, [85,97,[122][123][124] crystal phase transformation, [52,125,126] oriented assembly of designed organic ligands and metal ions, [92,127,128] and so on.…”

Oxyvanite V3O5: A new intercalation‐type anode for lithium‐ion battery

“…With conventional carbon‐based anodes reaching their performance limits, researchers are scrutinizing every possible material with suitable working potential. In this regard, transition metal oxides are receiving growing interest as anodes that work beyond intercalation chemistry of carbons . Among various transition metal oxides, the massive adoption of vanadium oxide in LIBs is motivated by a combination of several drivers, including its high theoretical capacity, abundance, rich redox chemistry based on its multivalence states, low cost of raw material, easy preparation, and good safety characteristics .…”

Hierarchical Zn1.67 Mn1.33 O4 /graphene nanoaggregates as new anode material for lithium-ion batteries

“…In particular, Zn‐based ternary TMOs exhibit high theoretical capacities attributed to the combined conversion‐alloying reaction . Among them, zinc–manganese‐based oxide spinels have attracted considerable attention because of their elemental abundance, low cost, toxicity, and operating potential as compared with other TMOs such as nickel‐based and cobalt‐based oxides .…”