High Ast/Alt Ratio May Indicate Advanced Alcoholic Liver Disease Rather Than Heavy Drinking

Nyblom, Helena; Berggren, Ulf; Balldin, Jan; Olsson, Rolf

doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh074

Cited by 407 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Liver function was evaluated by determining serum proteins, SGOT, and SGPT. These markers usually help detect chronic liver disease (25). In the current study, there was no statistical difference in AST and ALT concentrations between control and treated groups.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Safety Assessment of Osthole Isolated from Prangos ferulacea: Acute and Subchronic Toxicities and Modulation of Cytochrome P450

Shokoohinia

Bazargan

Miraghaee

et al. 2017

Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod

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Background: Osthole (7-methoxy-8-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-2-one), a natural coumarin derivative, has exhibited various pharmacological properties. In addition, the possibility of its development as a promising lead compound for drug discovery has been proposed. However, there is little toxicological information regarding safety of repeated exposure to this coumarin. Objective: The present study evaluated the potential toxicity of osthole after acute and subchronic administration in rodents. In addition, we investigated the effect of osthole on different hepatic CYP gene expressions in male rats receiving the highest dose of osthole. Methods: In the acute toxicity study, single doses of osthole (100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) were administered intraperitoneally to mice and the mice were then monitored for 14 days. In the subchronic toxicity study, osthole was administered orally to rats at doses of 5, 25, and 50 mg/kg/day for 45 days. Results:The results of acute study indicated that LD50 of osthole is about 710 mg/kg. There was no significant difference in body weight, relative organ weight, and hematological parameters in the subchronic toxicity study. Biochemical analysis showed some significant changes including in creatinine, potassium, glucose, albumin, and urea levels. The results of histopathological studies showed that all the removed organs, specially kidney, were affected by subchronic exposure to osthole. The change in the kidney included peritubular capillary congestion, hemorrhage in renal parenchyma, mild tubular dilatation, and mild interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells. Furthermore, osthole treatment caused an induction in CYP1A2, CYP2E1, and CYP2C11. Conclusions: Finally, concerning the common classification of relative toxicity of chemicals, acute toxicity results suggested that osthole is a moderately toxic substance when administered i.p. The obtained data from subchronic study supported the evidence of renal function impairment by osthole. The no-observed adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of the extract for both male and female rats is considered less than 5 mg/kg.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 42%

Safety Assessment of Osthole Isolated from Prangos ferulacea: Acute and Subchronic Toxicities and Modulation of Cytochrome P450

Shokoohinia

Bazargan

Miraghaee

et al. 2017

Jundishapur J Nat Pharm Prod

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“…Significant (p<0.05) reduction was observed in all the treated groups 4, 5 and 6 administered 100, 200 and 300 mg kgG 1 b.wt., of the extract, respectively on the day 28, it could be deduced that artemether and lumenfantrine and ethanol extract of Zapoteca portoricensis root ameliorated the effect of malaria infection on aspartate aminotransferase activity. Though elevated aspartate aminotransferase activity is not specific for liver damage, it has been used as a cardiac marker as reported by Nyblom et al (2004Nyblom et al ( , 2006.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Malarial and some Biochemical Indices of the Ethanol Extract of Zapoteca portoricensis Root on Malaria-Infected Mice

Nwodo¹,

Joshua²,

Ugwuoke³

et al. 2015

Asian J. of Biochemistry

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The study investigated the effect of ethanol extract of Zapoteca portoricensis roots on malaria-infected mice. The effect of ethanol extract on malaria infected mice was studied by assaying percentage parasitaemia, some liver marker enzymes and kidney function markers. The acute toxicity study showed that the ethanol extract had LD 50 above 2900 mg kgG 1 b.wt. Malaria infected mice treated with the ethanol extract had significant (p<0.05) decrease in the mean percentage parasitaemia when compared with group 2 mice (malaria untreated). The AST activity showed significant (p<0.05) increase in all the test groups when compared to normal control on day 14 but significantly (p<0.05) reduced in all the treated groups when compared to group 2 mice on day 28. The ALT and ALP activities decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all the test groups when compared to group 2 mice. The urea concentration significantly (p<0.05) decreased in the normal control, group 4 and 5 when compared with group 2 mice. Creatinine concentration decreased significantly (p<0.05) in the normal control, group 3 and group 4 when compared to group 2 mice on day 14, however, on day 28, no significant (p>0.05) differences were observed in the creatinine concentrations in all the groups when compared to normal control. The results suggest that the ethanol extract of Zapoteca portoricensis roots is relative safe has no negative effects on liver and kidney with huge potentials in the management of malaria.

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“…The Estimated glomerular filtration rate of the patients was calculated using the Cockcroft and Gault equations for males and females, respectively [21]. In addition, the ratio of AST to ALT was calculated to help differentiate between the causes of liver damage or hepatotoxicity [22].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Sleep Disorders among HIV Out-Patients in a Tertiary Hospital

Bisong¹,

Williams²,

Okpa³

et al. 2017

Recent Advances in Biology and Medicine

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Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals have been shown to have a high prevalence of sleep disturbances. Both the effects of the virus and the antiretroviral drugs may cause sleep disturbances. We sought to determine the prevalence and predictors of sleep disorders among HIV seropositive adult subjects presenting at an outpatient hospital setting. One hundred and fifty six subjects were recruited for the study by using a sleep disorder screening questionnaire. The mean ages of the participants were 38.7 6 9.23 and 39.5 6 9.23 for those with and those without sleep disorder, respectively. The prevalence rate of sleep disorders was 46.2%. Elevated systolic blood pressure, lower CD4 count levels, and being on the highly active antiretroviral therapy combination TDF/3TC/ATZ/lpvr were associated with sleep disorders. The high prevalence rate observed necessitates routine screening for sleep disorders among HIV/AIDs patients.

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High Ast/Alt Ratio May Indicate Advanced Alcoholic Liver Disease Rather Than Heavy Drinking

Abstract: Most patients with high alcohol consumption but without severe liver disease do not have an AST/ALT ratio above 1. High AST/ALT ratio suggests advanced alcoholic liver disease.

Cited by 407 publications

References 30 publications

Safety Assessment of Osthole Isolated from Prangos ferulacea: Acute and Subchronic Toxicities and Modulation of Cytochrome P450

Safety Assessment of Osthole Isolated from Prangos ferulacea: Acute and Subchronic Toxicities and Modulation of Cytochrome P450

Anti-Malarial and some Biochemical Indices of the Ethanol Extract of Zapoteca portoricensis Root on Malaria-Infected Mice

Predictors of Sleep Disorders among HIV Out-Patients in a Tertiary Hospital

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