High Bit Rate Dense Dispersion Managed Optical Communication Systems With Distributed Amplification

Abstract

Abstract-In this paper we have investigated optical pulse propagation in a dense dispersion managed (DM) optical communication system operating at a speed of 100 Gb/s and more taking into account of the effects of third order dispersion, intra-pulse Raman scattering and self steepening. Using perturbed variational formulation, we have obtained several ordinary differential equations for various pulse parameters. These equations have been solved numerically to identify launching criteria in the first DM cell of the system. Full numerical simulation of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation has been employed to identify effects of higher order terms on pulse propagation and to investigate the intra-pulse interaction. The roles played by these higher order linear and nonlinear effects have been identified. It has been found that the shift of the pulse centre due to intra-pulse Raman scattering increases with the increase in the distance of propagation and average dispersion. We have noticed that for higher value of average dispersion pulses travel less distance before collision than for lower average dispersion.

Bright and dark solitons of the generalized nonlinear Schrödinger’s equation

“…This paper will study a generalized form of the NLSE that will be useful in various areas of Physical Sciences and Engineering. There are many other nonlinear evolution equations that are generalized [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The Korteweg-de Vries (KdV) equation was generalized to the Kðm; nÞ equation by Rosenau and Hyman [15] in 1993.…”

Transition Region Effects in Tunable Fiber-Based Wavelength-Selective Devices

“…Usually the reflection band of the FBG is tuned to the desired wavelength channel, and optical system performance is often evaluated in terms of the relative bandwidth of signal and FBG and the tuning misalignment [13][14][15]. Effects of complete spectral characteristics of fiber gratings on optical signal have been studied for ultra short (picoseconds) pulses, both experimentally and numerically [16][17][18][19][20].…”

Investigation on Propagation Characteristics of Super-Gaussian Beam in Highly Nonlocal Medium

“…The NNLSE (3) is a nonlinear differential equation which do not have any direct solution, hence we proceed to solve it by an approximation technique, called variational analysis [1], which has been used successfully by various authors [14,31,36,39,46] for solving nonlinear equations. The required Lagrangian density for Eq.…”