High Calorie/Osmolar Feeding and Hypertonic Dehydration

Taitz, L S; Byers, H. D.

doi:10.1136/adc.47.252.257

Cited by 92 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…All children with cows' milk intolerance recovered. The incidence of venteritis at the Fleming convulsions (3-8U0) after admission to hospital and later severe brain damage (one case) in children with hypernatraemia is low compared with reports on these kinds of sequelae in 9-180', of (mEq)/i by more intensive education of parents on the appropriate care 6 (75) 2 (255) of their children, which ought to include a strong emphasis on 3 (54) 7 (125) the benefits of breast-feeding. 621 Now that most cases in our community have only the milder forms of the disease, it also seems appropriate to considcr the indications for admission to hospital with all the attcndant disruptions to family life.…”

Section: Zomentioning

confidence: 98%

Survey of gastroenteritis in children admitted to hospital in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1971-5.

Pullan¹,

Dellagrammatikas²,

Steiner³

1977

BMJ

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Section: Zomentioning

confidence: 98%

Survey of gastroenteritis in children admitted to hospital in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1971-5.

Pullan¹,

Dellagrammatikas²,

Steiner³

1977

BMJ

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“…In infants, high protein and sodium content in formula and weaning food may result in a submaximal urine osmolality, which increases the life-threatening risk of hypertonic dehydration during acute gastroenteritis (category III evidence) [25].…”

Section: Acute Systemic Mild Dehydration or Hypohydrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydration and Disease

Manz

2007

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

102

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Many diseases have multifactorial origins. There is increasing evidence that mild dehydration plays a role in the development of various morbidities. In this review, effects of hydration status on acute and chronic diseases are depicted (excluding the acute effects of mild dehydration on exercise performance, wellness, cognitive function, and mental performance) and categorized according to four categories of evidence (I-IV). Avoidance of a high fluid intake as a precautionary measure may be indicated in patients with cardiovascular disorders, pronounced chronic renal failure (III), hypoalbuminemia, endocrinopathies, or in tumor patients with cisplatin therapy (IIb) and menace of water intoxication. Acute systemic mild hypohydration or dehydration may be a pathogenic factor in oligohydramnios (IIa), prolonged labor (IIa), cystic fibrosis (III), hypertonic dehydration (III), and renal toxicity of xenobiotica (Ib). Maintaining good hydration status has been shown to positively affect urolithiasis (Ib) and may be beneficial in treating urinary tract infection (IIb), constipation (III), hypertension (III), venous thromboembolism (III), fatal coronary heart disease (III), stroke (III), dental disease (IV), hyperosmolar hyperglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (IIb), gallstone disease (III), mitral valve prolapse (IIb), and glaucoma (III). Local mild hypohydration or dehydration may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of several broncho-pulmonary disorders like exercise asthma (IIb) or cystic fibrosis (Ib). In bladder and colon cancers, the evidence on hydration status' effects is inconsistent.

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“…Unintentional salt overload has also been described, for example, following incorrect preparation of feeds by parents or carers. 46 Non-accidental salt overload, including cases of FII, accounts for only a minority of cases of hypernatraemia (approximately 1 in 200). 45 The fractional sodium excretion is a useful indicator of the cause of hypernatraemia and should be used to distinguish salt overload (of any cause) from hypernatraemia of dehydration.…”

Section: Induced Hypernatraemiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Munchausen syndrome and factitious disorder: the role of the laboratory in its detection and diagnosis

2013

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The term Munchausen syndrome is used to describe the patient who chronically fabricates or induces illness with the sole intention of assuming the patient role. Such persons often have a close association with the medical profession and thus use their knowledge to falsify symptoms and laboratory specimens to mimic disease. Cases of factitious disease have appeared in the literature originating from all medical specialties, and include such rare disorders as phaeochromocytoma and Bartter's syndrome. The laboratory can play a key role in the detection and diagnosis of factitious disorders. Indeed discrepant biochemistry results may provide the first clue to the diagnosis. Laboratory staff should be particularly aware of highly variable test results and extreme abnormalities that are not consistent with the wider biochemical profile, suggesting sample tampering. Factitious disorder should also be included in the clinician's differential diagnosis when disease presentation is unusual or an underlying cause cannot be found. Investigation to exclude or confirm factitious disorder at an early stage can prevent unnecessary testing in the search for increasingly rare diseases. Appropriate analyses may include screening tests for the detection of surreptitious drug administration or replication of a fabricated sample to confirm the method used. In all cases close communication between the clinician and laboratory is essential. This will ensure that appropriate tests are conducted particularly with regard to time critical and repeat tests.

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High Calorie/Osmolar Feeding and Hypertonic Dehydration

Cited by 92 publications

References 10 publications

Survey of gastroenteritis in children admitted to hospital in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1971-5.

Survey of gastroenteritis in children admitted to hospital in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1971-5.

Hydration and Disease

Munchausen syndrome and factitious disorder: the role of the laboratory in its detection and diagnosis

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