In this study, the quality of spiral cold press chia seed oil was evaluated and four types of O/W chia seed oil nanoemlusion systems were prepared, including chia seed oil nanoemulsion stabilized with Tween 80 and Span 80 by spontaneous emulsification and microfluidization, sodium caseinate by microfluidization, and sucrose monopalmitate by microfluidization. All these optimized samples exhibited good storage stability for at least two weeks when stored at 4 8C or ambient temperature. The nanoemulsion stabilized with sodium caseinate was labeling friendly, and enough energy-input facilitated the achievement of small particle size around 160 nm. The chia seed oil nanoemulsion fabricated with sucrose monopalmitate could get best transparency with smallest droplet diameter (around 47 nm). Chia seed oil nanoemulsion stabilized with Tween 80 and Span 80, as one model case diluted 5003 into water system, had constant transparency after fortnight's storage.
Practical applicationsConsumers are increasingly aware of nutrition as well as sensory properties of food products. Chia seed oil is a good source of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, yet difficult to be added directly into water-based liquid food or beverages. The information given in this work might be useful for designing O/W chia seed oil nanoemulsion delivery system, facilitating the further application of chia seed oil in beverages and functional food industry which required only slightly turbid or even transparent appearance.
| I N TR ODU C TI ONSalvia hispanica L., also known as chia, originally from Guatemala and Mexico, is an ancient annual plant of Lamiaceae family (Marineli et al., 2014). Currently, it is commercially grown in many countries such as Australia and Argentina (Julio et al., 2015) with its seeds as a new kind of raw food material. According to some previous reports, chia seed is a good source of not only protein, dietary fiber, antioxidants, but also polyunsaturated fatty acids (especially n-3 PUFAs), which was higher than the PUFA content in flaxseed (Capitani, Spotorno, Nolasco, & Tom as, 2012;Ciftci, Przybylski, & Rudzi nska, 2012;Martínez-Cruz & Paredes-L opez, 2014). n-3 PUFAs with numerous health benefits (O'Dwyer, O'Beirne, Eidhin, & O'Kennedy, 2013), are highly hydrophobic molecules with pretty poor water-solubility and difficult to be added directly into water-based liquid food or beverages.Nowadays consumers are increasingly aware of nutrition as well as sensory properties of food products, and food manufacturers are keen on seeking ways to add nutrients into products without bringing in any negative impact on sensory properties. Thus the utilization of nanoemulsions as delivery systems to deliver lipophilic compounds, including n-3 PUFAs aroused interests among researchers and related articles were reported in recent literatures (McClements & Rao, 2011;Sagalowicz & Leser, 2010). Commonly, nanoemulsions are colloidal dispersions that contain small particles, typically around 20-200 nm in diameter and may become transparent i...