High-Density 2$\,\times\,$4 Channel Polymer Optical Waveguide With Graded-Index Circular Cores

Soft-lithographic fabrication of polymer parallel optical waveguides with graded-index cores for board-level optical interconnections

“…Since the POF fabricated here has an SI profile, the loss reduction by the GI-profile, which we have reported [3], [4] is not involved in the results shown in Fig. 7.…”

“…The results are summarized in Tab. 1, compared with a typical example of PMMA based GI-core waveguide we previously reported [4]. The GI-core waveguide fabricated by the preform method has slightly different dimension from those of the TPIR 202-based waveguides, but the crosstalk is remarkably lower despite the narrower pitch.…”

“…Meanwhile, we have demonstrated low propagation loss and low inter-channel crosstalk of polymer optical waveguide with graded-index (GI) cores [3,4]. Because of the optical confinement effect of the GI profile, the new polymer optical waveguides are capable of reducing the channel pitch, and thus increasing the channel density.…”

“…Because of the optical confinement effect of the GI profile, the new polymer optical waveguides are capable of reducing the channel pitch, and thus increasing the channel density. However, since the polymer waveguides with GI cores have been fabricated using the preform method [3,4], their thermal stability and implementation process on PCBs have been of concern.…”

Demonstration of high-bandwidth data transmission above 240 Gbps for optoelectronic module with low-loss and low-crosstalk polynorbornene waveguides

“…The assembly structure and its fabrication processes must be low-loss for high-bandwidth data transmission between O/E conversions devices via optical waveguides. Although inter-channel crosstalk is bandwidth-independent in optics, inter-channel crosstalk owing to leaked signals from other channels and optical sources are taken into consideration depending on waveguides pitch, the assembly structure, and the assembling process [17,18]. In particular, optical coupling structures around micro-mirror have implication for optical losses and inter-channel crosstalk in the O/E module.…”