High-dynamic-range laser amplitude and phase noise measurement techniques

Scott, Ryan P.; Langrock, Carsten; Kolner, B.H.

doi:10.1109/2944.974236

Cited by 141 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Note that this is not simply one-half the noise-to-signal ratio of the photocurrent (inverse of Eq. (11)) as is commonly assumed [10,11,35,38,[44][45][46][47][48]. Equation (20) contains the additional term in brackets that is a direct result of shot noise correlations that are symmetric about the microwave carrier, described above in Section 2.3.…”

Section: Amplitude Noise Phase Noise and Timing Jittermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A related quantity is the shot noise-limited relative intensity noise (RIN) spectrum, given by the ratio of the one-sided shot noise PSD to the power at DC [29,35,38,42]: …”

Section: Shot Noise Power and Signal-to-noisementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case we may take the double-sided spectral density of the optical intensity profile as a series of delta-functions all of equal magnitude. The single-sided microwave power is then twice the DC power, modified by the detector's transfer function [38]:…”

Section: Shot Noise Power and Signal-to-noisementioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploiting shot noise correlations in the photodetection of ultrashort optical pulse trains

et al. 2013

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We present a frequency domain model of shot noise in the photodetection of ultrashort optical pulse trains using a time-varying analysis. Shot noise-limited photocurrent power spectral densities, signal-tonoise expressions, and shot noise spectral correlations are derived that explicitly include the finite response of the photodetector. It is shown that the strength of the spectral correlations in the shot noise depends on the optical pulse width, and that these correlations can create orders-of-magnitude imbalance between the shot noise-limited amplitude and phase noise of photonically generated microwave carriers. It is also shown that only by accounting for spectral correlations can shot noise be equated with the fundamental quantum limit in the detection of optical pulse-to-pulse timing jitter.

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Section: Amplitude Noise Phase Noise and Timing Jittermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A related quantity is the shot noise-limited relative intensity noise (RIN) spectrum, given by the ratio of the one-sided shot noise PSD to the power at DC [29,35,38,42]: …”

Section: Shot Noise Power and Signal-to-noisementioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploiting shot noise correlations in the photodetection of ultrashort optical pulse trains

et al. 2013

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“…The most commonly used measurement technique is based on high-speed photodetection of optical pulse trains followed by band-pass filtering of one high-frequency harmonic (e.g. at 10 GHz) and phase detection with a microwave mixer [31]. One can use either a high-quality microwave tracking oscillator or another modelocked laser (with equally good or better jitter performance) locked to the laser under test (LUT) as a reference oscillator.…”

Section: Attosecond-resolution Timing Jitter Characterization Of Modementioning

confidence: 99%

Attosecond‐precision ultrafast photonics

Kim

Kärtner

2010

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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We review our recent progress toward attosecondprecision ultrafast photonics based on ultra-low timing jitter optical pulse trains from mode-locked lasers. In femtosecond mode-locked lasers, the concentration of a large number of photons in an extremely short pulse duration enables the scaling of timing jitter into the attosecond regime. To characterize such jitter levels, we developed new attosecond-resolution measurement techniques and show that standard fiber lasers can achieve sub-fs high-frequency jitter. By leveraging the ultralow jitter of free-running mode-locked lasers, we pursued highprecision optical-optical and optical-microwave synchronization techniques. Optical signals spanning 1.5 octaves were synthesized by attosecond-precision timing and phase synchronization of two independent mode-locked lasers. High-stability microwave signals were also synthesized from mode-locked lasers with drift-free sub-10-fs precision. We further demonstrated the attosecond-precision distribution of optical pulse trains to remote locations via timing-stabilized fiber links. Finally, the application of optical pulse trains for high-resolution sampling and analog-to-digital conversion is discussed.The ultra-low timing jitter of optical pulse trains from femtosecond mode-locked lasers can be used for the attosecond-precision generation, distribution, measurement, and synchronization of optical and microwave signals.

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“…Corresponding heating rate is given by As an example, we take the fractional intensity noise power spectrum of an argon ion laser [56] often used to pump the Ti:sapphire and dye lasers [58]. The resulting heating rate is dT noise The residual birefringence of the fiber causes the nonuniformity of the polarization along the lattice.…”

Section: Lifetime Of Trapped Atoms and Other Systematic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of an optical fiber clock

2017

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We explore the feasibility of a fiber clock, a compact high-precision optical lattice atomic clock based on atoms trapped inside hollow core optical fiber. Such setup offers an intriguing potential for both substantially increased number of interrogated atoms and miniaturization. We evaluate the sensitivity of the 1 S0-3 P0 clock transition in Hg and other divalent atoms to the fiber inner core surface at non-zero temperatures. The Casimir-Polder interaction induced 1 S0-3 P0 transition frequency shift is calculated for the atom inside the hollow capillary as a function of atomic position, capillary material, and geometric parameters. For Hg atoms on the axis of a silica capillary with inner radius ≥ 15 µm and optimally chosen thickness d ∼ 1 µm, the atom-surface interaction induced 1 S0-3 P0 clock transition frequency shift can be kept on the level δν/νHg ∼ 10 −19 . We also estimate the atom loss and heating due to the collisions with the buffer gas, lattice intensity noise induced heating, spontaneous photon scattering, and residual birefringence induced frequency shifts.

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High-dynamic-range laser amplitude and phase noise measurement techniques

Cited by 141 publications

References 32 publications

Exploiting shot noise correlations in the photodetection of ultrashort optical pulse trains

Exploiting shot noise correlations in the photodetection of ultrashort optical pulse trains

Attosecond‐precision ultrafast photonics

Feasibility of an optical fiber clock

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