“…In the Co 2p region (Figure b), Fe-CoCH has shown four major peaks with two satellites. The peaks at the BEs of 797.4 and 781.4 eV can be attributed to Co 2+ . , Compared to the CoCH, the Co 2p peaks of Fe-CoCH shift slightly toward lower BE, which is associated with the distortion of CoCH caused by Fe doping . As displayed in Figure c, the C 1s spectrum shows three characteristic peaks at the BEs of 288.9, 286.0, and 284.5 eV, ascribed to O-CO, CO, and C-C, respectively. , Additionally, three characteristic peaks in the O 1s region at the BEs of 534.3, 532.5, and 531.0 eV are attributed to C-OH, CO 3 2– , and lattice oxygen (M-OH), respectively. , …”