1999
DOI: 10.1006/cyto.1998.0402
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High Expression of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in the Synovial Tissues of Rheumatoid Joints

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Cited by 91 publications
(56 citation statements)
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“…Indeed, we found that MIF content in synovial fluids of RA patients was significantly higher (85.7 Ϯ 35.2 ng/ml, mean Ϯ S.D.) than in those of OA patients (19.5 Ϯ 5.3 ng/ml) and normal controls (10.4 Ϯ 1.1 ng/ml) (28). It is conceivable that MIF, particularly in RA, plays an important role in tissue destruction of rheumatoid joints.…”
Section: Figmentioning
confidence: 77%
“…Indeed, we found that MIF content in synovial fluids of RA patients was significantly higher (85.7 Ϯ 35.2 ng/ml, mean Ϯ S.D.) than in those of OA patients (19.5 Ϯ 5.3 ng/ml) and normal controls (10.4 Ϯ 1.1 ng/ml) (28). It is conceivable that MIF, particularly in RA, plays an important role in tissue destruction of rheumatoid joints.…”
Section: Figmentioning
confidence: 77%
“…6 MIF was originally described over 30 years ago as a Tlymphocyte-derived factor that inhibited the migration of peritoneal macrophages, 7 but it is now known that several other cell types, including macrophages themselves, are important sources of MIF. 8 MIF levels are elevated in the serum and synovial fluid of patients with rhemuatoid arthritis, 2,9 and within the synovial joint MIF immunostaining can be localized to the synovial lining CD14 + macrophages and fibroblast-like synoviocytes. 2 Upon release MIF is directly pro-inflammatory by activating or promoting cytokine expression (TNF␣, 8,10 IL-1␤, IL-2, 11 IL-6, 8,12 IL-8 13 and IFN␥, 11,14 ), nitric oxide release, 15 matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression, 16,17 and induction of the cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) pathway.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a proinflammatory cytokine secreted by a variety of cell types, is a potent monocyte/macrophage chemoattractant and activator (22). MIF has an established role in RA (23,24), being elevated in synovial fluid, tissues, and serum of patients with RA (25,26). Inhibition of its function by antibody blockade, or through genetic deletion, significantly reduces the inflammation and destruction associated with mouse models of RA (27,28).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%