High frequency of Alloiococcus otitidis in the nasopharynx and in the middle ear cavity of otitis-prone children

Harimaya, Atsushi; Takada, Ryuta; Somekawa, Yukihiro; Fujii, Nobuhiro; Himi, Tetsuo

doi:10.1016/j.ijporl.2005.10.012

Cited by 35 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Our previous studies suggest that A. otitidis may have enough immunogenic potential to modulate a host immune response, as well as the three major middle ear pathogens, and also be able to contribute singly to an inflammatory reaction in the middle ear cavity (10,11,15,17,24). In addition, our clinical study showed that nasopharyngeal colonization of A. otitidis is enhanced in otitis-prone children compared to that in non-otitis-prone children (12,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

High Incidence of Alloiococcus otitidis in Children with Otitis Media, Despite Treatment with Antibiotics

et al. 2006

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Acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME) are common diseases in childhood. Alloiococcus otitidis is a newly recognized species of gram-positive bacterium which was recently discovered as a pathogen associated with OME. Although some studies show that A. otitidis is frequently detected in children with OME, no study is available concerning the clinical efficiency of antibiotics against this organism. The prevalence of A. otitidis in 116 middle ear effusion specimens from 36 AOM and 52 OME patients was examined by culture and PCR. In addition, the prevalence of the bacterium was retrospectively investigated in relation to antibiotic use. A. otitidis was detected in 20 (50%) AOM and 47 (61%) OME specimens. The organism was the most frequent bacterium in AOM as well as in OME and was highly detected even in patients who had been treated with antibiotics, such as beta-lactams or erythromycin. The incidence of A. otitidis in our study was higher than that in Western countries, and our results suggest that drug-resistant strains of A. otitidis may be frequently spread in Japanese children. Our study suggests that antibiotics such as beta-lactams or erythromycin may not be sufficiently effective to eliminate this organism. Further investigation is expected to reveal the clinical role of the organism in otitis media.Acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME) are common diseases and important otological problems in childhood (3, 4). Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the three major pathogens in AOM as well as in OME (4,20).In 1989, an unknown gram-positive coccus was recovered from middle ear effusions of children with OME (6). This organism was determined to be a new species of bacterium by 16S rRNA analysis and was named Alloiococcus otitis (1); later the name was revised to Alloiococcus otitidis (9). This organism is difficult to detect in middle ear effusions by conventional culture, because it shows slow growth in vitro and could hinder recovery of the organism from clinical specimens (6). On the other hand, by PCR, A. otitidis was detected in about 50% of OME patients, a higher rate than for the three major pathogens (2, 14). These studies suggest that A. otitidis is one of the major pathogens of OME.However, only a limited number of studies of A. otitidis have been conducted, and no clinical study of A. otitidis is available, although a few studies are available concerning the prevalence or the bacteriological character of this organism. Studies concerning the prevalence of A. otitidis in OME have been performed only in Finland (13,14,18) and in the United Kingdom (2). Other than in these two countries, only a few clinical strains of A. otitidis have been isolated in the United States (5, 6), Turkey (16), Spain (8), and Brazil (5). In Asian countries, even the isolation of A. otitidis has not been reported yet. In addition, as regards the detection of A. otitidis in AOM patients, only the study by Leskinen et al. (19) is available...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

High Incidence of Alloiococcus otitidis in Children with Otitis Media, Despite Treatment with Antibiotics

et al. 2006

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“…There has been debate about whether members of the bacterial genus Alloiococcus play a role in the pathogenesis of otitis media in children or if they are part of the commensal microbiota (61,62). Using molecular techniques, we found higher relative abundance in CSOM patients with cholesteatoma than in controls or other subject groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Molecular Microbiological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

et al. 2016

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bChronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) presents with purulent otorrhea (ear discharge), is characterized by chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, and contributes to a significant disease burden worldwide. Current antibiotic therapy is guided by swab culture results. In the absence of detailed molecular microbiology studies of CSOM patients, our current understanding of the microbiota of CSOM (and indeed of the healthy ear) remains incomplete. In this prospective study, 24 patients with CSOM were recruited, along with 22 healthy controls. Culture-based techniques and 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing were used to profile the bacterial community for each patient. Comparisons between patients with and without cholesteatoma in the middle ear and mastoid cavity were also made. A major finding was that the middle ear of many healthy controls was not sterile, which is contradictory to the results of previous studies. However, sequencing data showed that Staphylococcus aureus, along with a range of other Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, were present in all subgroups of CSOM and healthy controls. Large interpatient variability in the microbiota was observed within each subgroup of CSOM and controls, and there was no bacterial community "signature" which was characteristic of either health or disease. Comparisons of the culture results with the molecular data show that culture-based techniques underestimate the diversity of bacteria found within the ear. This study reports the first detailed examination of bacterial profiles of the ear in healthy controls and patients with CSOM.

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“…A. otitidis is frequently detected in children with acute otitis media, or otitis media with effusion [1][2][3][4][5]. However, the association of this organism with the development of otitis media has not been clarified in detail yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preliminary study of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the middle ear of acute otitis media due to Alloiococcus otitidis

Harimaya

Fujii

Himi

2009

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology

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High frequency of Alloiococcus otitidis in the nasopharynx and in the middle ear cavity of otitis-prone children

Cited by 35 publications

References 23 publications

High Incidence of Alloiococcus otitidis in Children with Otitis Media, Despite Treatment with Antibiotics

High Incidence of Alloiococcus otitidis in Children with Otitis Media, Despite Treatment with Antibiotics

Molecular Microbiological Profile of Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media

Preliminary study of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the middle ear of acute otitis media due to Alloiococcus otitidis

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