High genetic diversity at the inter-/intra-host level of<i>Cherry leaf roll virus</i>population associated with the birch leaf-roll disease in Fennoscandia

Rumbou, Artemis; Bargen, Susanne von; Demiral, Rana; Langer, Juliane; Rott, Markus; Jalkanen, Risto; Büttner, Carmen

doi:10.1080/02827581.2016.1165283

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…However, CLRV was not detectable in the samples at the time of the season when the RNA-Seq was performed. This is not surprising according to our experience, because the low CLRV titers in Finnish birches often lead to false negatives when performing diagnostic RT-PCRs [2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the case of the symptomatic B. pubescens seedlings, the virome is less complex; in BpubFinn407501-3A a BLRaV and a BCV infection were detected (Fig 2; A), while in BpubFinn407507_3I a single BLRaV-infection was detected (Fig 2; B). In earlier studies, both B. pubescens seedlings were tested CLRV-positive in RT-PCR assays [2]. However, CLRV was not detectable in the samples at the time of the season when the RNA-Seq was performed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Symptoms in birch trees ( Betula sp.) caused by various viruses and related to the birch leaf-roll disease (BLRD) are observed throughout Europe [1–2]. Diseased birches exhibit foliar disorders including vein banding, leaf roll, mottling, necrotic lesions and tip dieback.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on earlier studies on virus-diseased trees it is assumed that BLRD might significantly reduce the tree’s photosynthetic capacity and contribute to tree decline [3]. Due to lack of knowledge, risk analyses and prevention measures, the disease has effectively spread throughout Europe and has until now been reported in European countries with diverse climatic conditions such as Finland, Sweden, Norway, Germany, Austria, UK and France, including stands of a Mediterranean island [2–5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The initial hypothesis for the BLRD disease etiology implicated Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) as the disease main causal agent [1–2; 4–5]. However, after long-lasting trials applying conventional viral detection methods (virus purification, RT-PCR, double-stranded-RNA isolation, virus mechanical transmission), this virus could not be convincingly associated with the appearance of disease symptoms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unravelling the virome in birch: RNA-Seq reveals a complex of known and novel viruses

Rumbou

Candresse

Marais

et al. 2019

Preprint

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25 High-throughput sequencing (HTS), combined with bioinformatics for de novo discovery and 26 assembly of plant virus or viroid genome reads, has promoted the discovery of abundant novel 27 DNA and RNA viruses and viroids. However, the elucidation of a viral population in a single plant is 28 rarely reported. In five birch trees of German and Finnish origin exhibiting symptoms of birch leaf-29 roll disease (BRLD), we identified in total five viruses, among which three are novel. The number of 30 identified virus variants in each transcriptome ranged from one to five. The novel species are 31 genetically -fully or partially -characterized, they belong to the genera Carlavirus, Idaeovirus and 32 Capillovirus and they are tentatively named birch carlavirus, birch idaeovirus, and birch 33 capillovirus, respectively. The only virus systematically detected by HTS in symptomatic trees 34 affected by the BRLD was the recently discovered birch leafroll-associated virus. The role of the 35 new carlavirus in BLRD etiology seems at best weak, as it was detected only in one of three 36 symptomatic trees. Continuing studies have to clarify the impact of the carlavirus to the BLRD. The 37 role of the Capillovirus and the Idaeovirus within the BLRD complex and whether they influence 38 plant vitality need to be investigated. Our study reveals the viral population in single birch trees and 39 provides a comprehensive overview for the diversities of the viral communities they harbor. 40 41 Keywords: Betula sp., virome, birch leaf-roll disease, birch carlavirus, birch idaeovirus, birch 42 capillovirus 3 44 Introduction 45 Symptoms in birch trees (Betula sp.) caused by various viruses and related to the birch 46 leaf-roll disease (BLRD) are observed throughout Europe [1-2]. Diseased birches exhibit foliar 47 disorders including vein banding, leaf roll, mottling, necrotic lesions and tip dieback. Based on 48 earlier studies on virus-diseased trees it is assumed that BLRD might significantly reduce the tree's 49 photosynthetic capacity and contribute to tree decline [3]. Due to lack of knowledge, risk analyses 50 and prevention measures, the disease has effectively spread throughout Europe and has until now 51 been reported in European countries with diverse climatic conditions such as Finland, Sweden, 52 Norway, Germany, Austria, UK and France, including stands of a Mediterranean island [2-5]. 53The initial hypothesis for the BLRD disease etiology implicated Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) 54 as the disease main causal agent [1-2; 4-5]. However, after long-lasting trials applying 55 conventional viral detection methods (virus purification, RT-PCR, double-stranded-RNA isolation, 56 virus mechanical transmission), this virus could not be convincingly associated with the 57 appearance of disease symptoms. To identify BLRD etiology, a birch metagenomic study was 58 therefore initiated. A RNA-Seq analysis revealed for the first time in diseased trees from Germany 59 and Finland birch leafroll-associated virus (BLRaV), the first reverse-tra...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%