High-loading As single-atom catalysts harvested from wastewater towards efficient and sustainable oxygen reduction

Abstract

We first report universal strategies to synthesize high-loading (up to 13.78 wt%) non-metal monoatoms on carbon. Re-calcination is further proposed to overcome the poor oxidation resistance of catalysts with abundant carbon defects.

Tailoring single-metal atom catalysts: a strategic defect engineering approach for electrochemical reduction reactions

“…90 Thus, the synthesis of SMACs demands the participation of defect sites, which can be leveraged for the sophisticated dispersion of SMACs on the surface of various supports. 91,92 Therefore, certain methods have been employed for the production of precise and controllable defects, which has the potential to manipulate the local structure of metal based electrocatalysts at the atomic level. 93 Consequently, the engineering of defects in carbon-based electrocatalysts holds immense importance, as it could offer valuable insights for experimentally adjusting the local structure to enhance their performance in several catalytic systems.…”

Activity Origin and Catalytic Mechanism of the M–N–C Catalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction

“…The Bi 1 @CNR and Bi 1 /ZNC exhibited excellent catalytic activity Transition metals with fully occupied 3d configurations (Zn), p-block elements (Bi, Al, As, Se, etc. ), 202,203 and s-block elements (K, Ca, etc.) 204,205 can also serve as active centers in M−N x configurations, and yield superior catalytic activity.…”