High-Modulus Wholly Aromatic Fibers. I. Wholly Ordered Polyamide-Hydrazides and Poly-1,3,4-oxadiazole—Amides

Preston, J.; Black, W. B.; Hofferbert, W. L.

doi:10.1080/00222337308061131

Cited by 50 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Aromatic polyhydrazides were first reported by Frazer et al 1 –3 as precursors to poly-1,3,4-oxadiazoles. 4 Details of poly(amide-hydrazide) synthesis have been reported by Preston et al 4 and by Culbertson and Murphy. 5 High-strength, high-modulus fibers have been made from poly(terephthalic hydrazide) and poly (amide-hydrazide)s with ordered structures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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High-performance wholly aromatic polyamide–hydrazides

Elsabeé

Morsi

Selim³

2017

High Performance Polymers

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The review summarizes the various methods of preparing wholly aromatic polyamide–hydrazides (PAHs). Polyhydrazides are a class of polymers that possess in their repeating units one amide (–NHOC–) and one hydrazide (–CONHNHOC–) linking bond between appropriate aromatic nuclei. The review provides several figures of different molecular structures of PAH and expounds the methods of polymerization, low, high temperature, and phosphorylation polycondensation methods. Polyhydrazides exhibit some unique and potentially useful properties such as outstanding thermal and thermo-oxidative resistance, very high mechanical strength, and ultrahigh moduli. PAHs undergo structural transformation into poly(amide-1,3,4-oxadiazole)s upon heating, which are also considered highly thermally stable polymers. The review presents a description of the structure–property relation of PAHs. The application of PAHs in reverse osmosis applications has been discussed, as well as the preparation of fibers and metallized PAHs films. Modification of the PAH with carbon nanotubes and graphene and the future prospects for PAHs were introduced with comprehensive references pertaining to this area of research.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…5 High-strength, high-modulus fibers have been made from poly(terephthalic hydrazide) and poly (amide-hydrazide)s with ordered structures. 4 –6…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-performance wholly aromatic polyamide–hydrazides

Elsabeé

Morsi

Selim³

2017

High Performance Polymers

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“…Wholly aromatic polyamide-hydrazides are a unique class of materials which combine the properties of both the aromatic polyamides and the aromatic polyhydrazides [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. These polymers could be classified as high performance materials because they possess some interesting and potentially useful properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These polymers could be classified as high performance materials because they possess some interesting and potentially useful properties. They exhibit favorable rheological behavior that allowed for successful preparation of fibers and films from their solutions in dimethyl acetamide [ 16 ] and dimethyl sulfoxide [ 13 ]. Their appropriately drawn fibers showed very high mechanical strength and moduli, which are superior to that of glass fiber and steel wire [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They exhibit favorable rheological behavior that allowed for successful preparation of fibers and films from their solutions in dimethyl acetamide [ 16 ] and dimethyl sulfoxide [ 13 ]. Their appropriately drawn fibers showed very high mechanical strength and moduli, which are superior to that of glass fiber and steel wire [ 13 ]. These fibers can be successfully applied in fabrics, rigid composites, tire-cords, impact-absorbing devices, and for ballistic protection [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Novel Self-Dyed Wholly Aromatic Polyamide-Hydrazides Covalently Bonded with Azo Groups in Their Main Chains: 1. Structure-Property Relationships

2012

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and increased with the para-phenylene units content. The polymers are partially soluble in DMAc, dimethyl formamide (DMF) and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). Their solubility increases with the introduction of meta-phenylene moieties into the polymer chains. The polymers exhibit a great affinity for water sorption. Their hydrophilicity increases as a function of the content of meta-phenylene rings incorporated into the polymer. Mechanical properties of the polymer films are improved markedly by substitution of para-phenylene units for meta-phenylene units. The completely para-oriented type polymer has the best thermal and thermo-oxidative stability relative to those of the other polymers.

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Synthesis and properties of novel aromatic polyhydrazides and poly(amide-hydrazide)s based on the bis(ether benzoic acid)s from hydroquinone and substituted hydroquinones

Hsiao

Dai

1999

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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4,4′‐(1,4‐Phenylenedioxy)dibenzoic acid as well as the 2‐methyl‐, 2‐tert‐butyl‐, or 2‐phenyl‐substituted derivatives of this dicarboxylic acid were synthesized in two main steps from p‐fluorobenzonitrile and hydroquinone or its methyl‐, tert‐butyl‐, or phenyl‐substituted derivatives. Polyhydrazides and poly(amide–hydrazide)s were prepared from these bis(ether benzoic acid)s or their diacyl chlorides with terephthalic dihydrazide, isophthalic dihydrazide, or p‐aminobenzoyl hydrazide by means of the phosphorylation reaction or low‐temperature solution polycondensation. Most of the hydrazide polymers and copolymers are amorphous and readily soluble in various polar solvents such as N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidone (NMP) and dimethyl sulfoxide. They could be solution‐cast into transparent, flexible, and tough films. These polyhydrazides and poly(amide–hydrazide)s had Tgs in the range of 167–237°C and could be thermally cyclodehydrated into the corresponding poly(1,3,4‐oxadiazole)s and poly(amide–1,3,4‐oxadiazole)s approximately in the region of 250–350°C, as evidenced by the DSC thermograms. All the tert‐butyl‐substituted oxadiazole polymers and those derived from isophthalic dihydrazide were organic soluble. The thermally converted oxadiazole polymers exhibited Tgs in the range of 208–243°C and did not show significant weight loss before 450°C either in nitrogen or in air. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 1169–1181, 1999

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High-Modulus Wholly Aromatic Fibers. I. Wholly Ordered Polyamide-Hydrazides and Poly-1,3,4-oxadiazole—Amides

Cited by 50 publications

References 12 publications

High-performance wholly aromatic polyamide–hydrazides

High-performance wholly aromatic polyamide–hydrazides

Novel Self-Dyed Wholly Aromatic Polyamide-Hydrazides Covalently Bonded with Azo Groups in Their Main Chains: 1. Structure-Property Relationships

Synthesis and properties of novel aromatic polyhydrazides and poly(amide-hydrazide)s based on the bis(ether benzoic acid)s from hydroquinone and substituted hydroquinones

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