“…To date, several analytical methods have been reported for the determination of FAV in biological or pharmaceutical samples, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [ 16 ], liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) [ 17 ], and spectrofluorimetric method [ 18 ], and have been utilized. Among the most widely used instrumental techniques, electrochemical sensors offer an appropriate approach with high catalytic, portability, inexpensive, high chemical stability, and high sensitivity [ 19 – 26 ]. Therefore, electrochemical sensors are widely used to determine trace amounts of drugs and other analytes in pharmaceutical, biological, and environmental samples [ 27 , 28 ].…”