High Pressure and Prokaryotes

Kato, Chiaki

doi:10.1007/978-4-431-53898-1_30

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The Mariana Trench is the deepest part of the ocean found on the planet; it has a maximum depth of 11 km and a pressure of 1100 atm (110 MPa). This extreme habitat harbors organisms that can grow in standard pressure and temperature and strict piezophiles, like Moritella yayanosii and Shewanella benthica , that have pressure growth conditions of between 700 and 800 atm (70 ~80 MPa), but not less than 500 atm (50 MPa) [ 18 , 94 ].…”

Section: Extremophilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As with psychrophiles, piezophiles contain lipids with highly unsaturated fatty acids [ 96 ]. Other adaptation mechanisms against the high pressures include reduction of cell division, modification of membrane and transport proteins and accumulation of osmolytes, which stabilize the proteins [ 94 , 97 , 98 ]. The occurrence of elongated helices in the 16S rRNA genes to increase adaptation to growth at elevated pressure has also been described [ 99 ].…”

Section: Extremophilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Marine Extremophiles: A Source of Hydrolases for Biotechnological Applications

2015

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The marine environment covers almost three quarters of the planet and is where evolution took its first steps. Extremophile microorganisms are found in several extreme marine environments, such as hydrothermal vents, hot springs, salty lakes and deep-sea floors. The ability of these microorganisms to support extremes of temperature, salinity and pressure demonstrates their great potential for biotechnological processes. Hydrolases including amylases, cellulases, peptidases and lipases from hyperthermophiles, psychrophiles, halophiles and piezophiles have been investigated for these reasons. Extremozymes are adapted to work in harsh physical-chemical conditions and their use in various industrial applications such as the biofuel, pharmaceutical, fine chemicals and food industries has increased. The understanding of the specific factors that confer the ability to withstand extreme habitats on such enzymes has become a priority for their biotechnological use. The most studied marine extremophiles are prokaryotes and in this review, we present the most studied archaea and bacteria extremophiles and their hydrolases, and discuss their use for industrial applications.

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Section: Extremophilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extremophilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Marine Extremophiles: A Source of Hydrolases for Biotechnological Applications

2015

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Pressure adaptation of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from an extremely piezophilic bacterium is attributed to a single amino acid substitution

et al. 2016

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3-Isopropylmalate dehydrogenase (IPMDH) from the extreme piezophile Shewanella benthica (SbIPMDH) is more pressure-tolerant than that from the atmospheric pressure-adapted Shewanella oneidensis (SoIPMDH). To understand the molecular mechanisms of this pressure tolerance, we analyzed mutated enzymes. The results indicate that only a single mutation at position 266, corresponding to Ala (SbIPMDH) and Ser (SoIPMDH), essentially affects activity under higher-pressure conditions. Structural analyses of SoIPMDH suggests that penetration of three water molecules into the cleft around Ser266 under high-pressure conditions could reduce the activity of the wild-type enzyme; however, no water molecule is observed in the Ala266 mutant.

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Industrial Applications of Enzymes From Extremophiles

Arya

Yagnik

Panchal

et al. 2022

Physiology, Genomics, and Biotechnological Applications of Extremophiles

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Extremophilic microorganisms have developed a variety of molecular tactics to exist in extreme environments. Researchers are fascinated by extremophiles and unearth various enzymes from these fascinating microbes. Extremozymes are astonishing biocatalysts with distinctive properties of catalysis and stability under a multitude of daunting conditions of salt, pH, organic solvents, and temperature, which open up new possibilities for biocatalysis and biotransformation and outcompetes mesophilic counterparts. Biotechnological implications include simple, immobilized, as well as whole-cell applications. Stability in organic solvents adds to the asymmetric catalysis and thereby exemplifies the applicability of extremozymes and in fostering biobased economies. Marine, cold-adapted enzymes, and those that help in the removal of a toxic hazardous substance from the environment are obvious choices for food industries and bioremediation. The major area of application and research emphasis includes textile, detergents, food, dairy, agriculture, and environmental remediation.

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High Pressure and Prokaryotes

Cited by 4 publications

References 37 publications

Marine Extremophiles: A Source of Hydrolases for Biotechnological Applications

Marine Extremophiles: A Source of Hydrolases for Biotechnological Applications

Pressure adaptation of 3-isopropylmalate dehydrogenase from an extremely piezophilic bacterium is attributed to a single amino acid substitution

Industrial Applications of Enzymes From Extremophiles

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