High protein vs high carbohydrate hypoenergetic diet for the treatment of obese hyperinsulinemic subjects

Baba, Nahla; Sawaya, Sally; Torbay, Naji; Habbal, Zuheir; Azar, Sami T.; Hashim, Sami A.

doi:10.1038/sj.ijo.0801064

Cited by 192 publications

(37 citation statements)

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“…However subgroup analyses of some of these studies suggested greater reduction in weight and body fat on LFHP in women with raised triglycerides [18] and obese women with diabetes [36]. Two studies, one of which compared a very high protein (45% TE) diet with a LFHC diet over 4 weeks [17] and the other a 12-wk study in which the high protein diet included an initial 2-week high fat, high protein phase [29], have reported significantly greater weight and fat loss on high protein compared LFHC diets. The differences in experimental design, macronutrient distribution and nature of carbohydrate preclude definitive conclusions from the previously published trials as to whether, even in the short term, relatively high protein intakes confer weight loss and metabolic benefits over relatively high carbohydrate diets rich in dietary fiber derived principally from wholegrains, vegetables and fruits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is inappropriate since the benefits of high carbohydrate diets have only been observed when most dietary carbohydrate has been derived from fiber-rich wholegrain cereals, pulses, vegetables and fruit [15]. Other studies have used amounts of protein which would have been impractical for long term consumption [16,17] or have only demonstrated benefit in subgroups such as those with elevated triglyceride concentrations [18] or women [19]. Thus, in a "proof of concept" study, we have compared a diet high in protein (HP) with one high in fiber-rich, minimally processed cereals and legumes (HFib) to determine whether acceptable high protein diets have the potential to confer greater benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparison of high protein and high fiber weight-loss diets in women with risk factors for the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial

Morenga

Levers

Williams

et al. 2011

Nutr J

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BackgroundStudies have suggested that moderately high protein diets may be more appropriate than conventional low-fat high carbohydrate diets for individuals at risk of developing the metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. However in most such studies sources of dietary carbohydrate may not have been appropriate and protein intakes may have been excessively high. Thus, in a proof-of-concept study we compared two relatively low-fat weight loss diets - one high in protein and the other high in fiber-rich, minimally processed cereals and legumes - to determine whether a relatively high protein diet has the potential to confer greater benefits.MethodsEighty-three overweight or obese women, 18-65 years, were randomized to either a moderately high protein (30% protein, 40% carbohydrate) diet (HP) or to a high fiber, relatively high carbohydrate (50% carbohydrate, > 35 g total dietary fiber, 20% protein) diet (HFib) for 8 weeks. Energy intakes were reduced by 2000 - 4000 kJ per day in order to achieve weight loss of between 0.5 and 1 kg per week.ResultsParticipants on both diets lost weight (HP: -4.5 kg [95% confidence interval (CI):-3.7, -5.4 kg] and HFib: -3.3 kg [95% CI: -4.2, -2.4 kg]), and reduced total body fat (HP: -4.0 kg [5% CI:-4.6, -3.4 kg] and HFib: -2.5 kg [95% CI: -3.5, -1.6 kg]), and waist circumference (HP: -5.4 cm [95% CI: -6.3, -4.5 cm] and HFib: -4.7 cm [95% CI: -5.8, -3.6 cm]), as well as total and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, fasting plasma glucose and blood pressure. However participants on HP lost more body weight (-1.3 kg [95% CI: -2.5, -0.1 kg; p = 0.039]) and total body fat (-1.3 kg [95% CI: -2.4, -0.1; p = 0.029]). Diastolic blood pressure decreased more on HP (-3.7 mm Hg [95% CI: -6.2, -1.1; p = 0.005]).ConclusionsA realistic high protein weight-reducing diet was associated with greater fat loss and lower blood pressure when compared with a high carbohydrate, high fiber diet in high risk overweight and obese women.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of high protein and high fiber weight-loss diets in women with risk factors for the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial

Morenga

Levers

Williams

et al. 2011

Nutr J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Sample size was calculated based on anticipated changes in REE during weight loss using data from published literature [72] and changes in BCAAs from our previous study [45]. Baba et al [72] studied changes in REE after high protein (n=7) versus low protein (n=6) weight loss diets.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Baba et al [72] studied changes in REE after high protein (n=7) versus low protein (n=6) weight loss diets. Weight loss was significantly higher in the high protein group (8.3 kg, SD 0.7) compared to the low protein (6.0 kg, SD 0.6).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect on Nitrogen Balance, Thermogenesis, Body Composition, Satiety, and Circulating Branched Chain Amino Acid Levels up to One Year after Surgery: Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial on Dietary Protein During Surgical Weight Loss

Moizé¹,

Pi‐Sunyer²,

Vidal³

et al. 2016

JMIR Res Protoc

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BackgroundBariatric surgery (BS), the most effective treatment for severe obesity, typically results in 40-50 kg weight loss in the year following the surgery. Beyond its action on protein metabolism, dietary protein intake (PI) affects satiety, thermogenesis, energy efficiency, and body composition (BC). However, the required amount of PI after surgical weight loss is not known. The current daily PI recommendation for diet-induced weight loss is 0.8 g/kg ideal body weight (IBW) per day, but whether this amount is sufficient to preserve fat-free mass during active surgical weight loss is unknown.ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of a 3-month dietary protein supplementation (PS) on nitrogen balance (NB), BC, energy expenditure, and satiety in women undergoing either gastric bypass or vertical sleeve gastrectomy.MethodsIn this randomized prospective study, participants will be randomized to a high protein supplementation group (1.2 g/kg IBW per day) or standard protein supplementation group (0.8 g/kg IBW per day) based on current guidelines. Outcome measures including NB, BC, circulating branched chain amino acids, and satiety, which will be assessed presurgery, and at 3-months and 12-months postsurgery.ResultsTo date, no studies have examined the effect of dietary PS after BS. Current guidelines for PI after surgery are based on weak evidence.ConclusionsThe results of this study will contribute to the development of evidence-based data regarding the safe and optimal dietary PI and supplementation after BS.Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov NCT02269410; http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02269410 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6m2f2QLeg).

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“…There are several studies that showed proteins promoting satiety and reducing appetite [28,31]; these findings are controversial though [32]. All in all, a high-protein diet was shown to be superior in improving insulin sensitivity [33] while not adversely affecting blood pressure [34], cholesterol or triglyceride levels [28,35], and bone turnover [35,36]. When proteins are ingested in combination with carbohydrates, insulin secretion increases.…”

Section: Lifestyle Modificationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight Management in Primary Care

Maurer¹

2016

Visc Med

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Background: Obesity is one of the greatest public health challenges worldwide. It is not only a medical but also a philosophical, ecological, economic, sociocultural, and psychological problem as well as a severe consequence of our modern value definition to ‘receive more and more'. Therefore, physicians are not able to treat obesity broadly and should not be used as tools to achieve certain weight goals. Methods: This article presents an outline of conservative obesity therapy. Using the key words ‘obesity', ‘diet', and ‘exercise', a search was conducted in the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases for the period from 1995 to 2015. Results/Conclusion: The goal of obesity therapy is primarily the reduction of abdominal fat distribution. Only after achieving this main objective, weight loss reduction can be included by changes in eating and activity habits as well as further lifestyle modifications supplemented by weight-reducing medical, invasive, and/or surgical therapy measures in order to reduce obesity-associated comorbidities and to improve quality of life. A reduction of fat intake while avoiding unsaturated fatty acids, an optimization especially of the quality of carbohydrate and protein intake, an increase in physical activity (about 30-60 min per day) with individual adaption, and a personal, ongoing therapeutic leadership is necessary to reach the main goal, i.e. losing 5-15% of the initial weight.

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High protein vs high carbohydrate hypoenergetic diet for the treatment of obese hyperinsulinemic subjects

Abstract: A low-carbohydrate (LC), HP hypoenergetic diet could be the diet composition of choice for a weight-reducing regimen in obese hyperinsulinemic subjects.

Cited by 192 publications

References 19 publications

Comparison of high protein and high fiber weight-loss diets in women with risk factors for the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial

Comparison of high protein and high fiber weight-loss diets in women with risk factors for the metabolic syndrome: a randomized trial

Effect on Nitrogen Balance, Thermogenesis, Body Composition, Satiety, and Circulating Branched Chain Amino Acid Levels up to One Year after Surgery: Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial on Dietary Protein During Surgical Weight Loss

Weight Management in Primary Care

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