“…Aqueous rechargeable batteries (ARBs) are prospective energy-storage systems for large-scale applications, such as grid stabilization, renewable energy integration, and wearables/portable devices. − ARBs exhibit prominent advantages over conventional lithium-ion batteries, such as high safety, low cost, environmental friendliness, and a wide operating temperature range. − However, ARBs also face some challenges, such as poor rate capability, low energy density, and limited cycle life. − These challenges are mainly attributed to the short of befitting electrode materials that can provide high capacity, fast kinetics, and stable cycling in an aqueous electrolyte.…”